Effect of polyploidy and pollination methods on capsule and seed set of pansies (Viola × wittrockiana Gams)
| Autor: | Abitew Lagibo Dalbato, F. Kobza, Laila M. Karlsson |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2013 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
0301 basic medicine Pollination Phenology food and beverages Capsule Horticulture Biology biology.organism_classification 010603 evolutionary biology 01 natural sciences Viola wittrockiana Open pollination 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology Botany Ornamental plant Cultivar Viola (butterfly) |
| Zdroj: | Horticultural Science. 40:22-30 |
| ISSN: | 1805-9333 0862-867X |
| Popis: | Pansy, Viola × wittrockiana , is a popular ornamental plant. Effects of polyploidy on phenotype and four pollination methods on capsule and seed set were studied using ten octoploid (2n = 8x) and two hexadecaploid (2n = 16 x ) genotypes, originating from induced mutagenesis. Principal component analysis, using 19 phenotypic, phenological and physiological characteristics, revealed that hexadecaploids showed larger differences to the corresponding standard cultivars than octoploids. Number of seed per capsule was similar among genotypes. Capsule set with open pollination was 32-64 %, with self-pollination by hand 18-49% and with cross-pollination by hand 14-43%, while no plant successfully set capsules with seeds under isolators if not pollinated manually. Thus, Viola × wittrockiana is self-compatible but requires an agent-mediation for successful pollination. The induced phenotypes were found stable over four generations. Hexadecaploids had more attractive phenotypes but fewer seeds than octoploids. However, variation in seed set enabled selection of plants with high fertility, and average seed set increased over generations. Thus, new varieties, fulfilling aesthetic criteria as well as economic and agronomic traits, can be bred from induced mutagenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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