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Work performed from 1961 to July 1, 1963, in the ORNL Space Biology Program through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration is described. The investigations are divided into a basic supporting program, which includes the ground-based laboratory research chiefly concerned with the relative biological effectiveness (RBE) of high-energy protons on a variety of biological materials ranging from bacteria to human blood cells, and a biosatellite program, which involves the development of testing methods and base-line radiation effects data on a number of biological materials for experiments in space vehicles in flight. The necessary equipment and instrumentation was developed for proton irradiations, and experiments were done with 22- and 130-Mev protons. The results of these experiments are reported. Plans for the future work with ground- based accelerators are discussed. The biological experiments flown in two of the NASA inflight programs, the BIOS I space probe and the 1962 Goose Bay high- altitude balloon flights, are discussed. Experiments were designed for the NASA Biosatellite Program, and a limited number of feasibility tests were performed. These experiments are also discussed. (C.H.) |
