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Les albums pour enfants participent a la construction des representations corporelles des jeunes generations. Si les Comics (1938) donnent directement acces a la figure idealisee de la virilite americaine, les fillettes francophones beneficient de la parution de Martine, des 1954, forme d'identification beaucoup plus nuancee, voire realiste. En un demi-siecle, le scenariste et l'illustrateur de la serie n'ont pas change. Pourtant, de Martine en voyage (1954) a Martine – Princesses et chevaliers (2004), l'heroine evolue. Ses pratiques corporelles aussi, et leur representation inevitablement. Cette etude vise a elaborer un outil de lecture pluridisciplinaire des aventures de Martine centrees sur ses pratiques corporelles. Les analyses quantitatives et qualitatives de l'ensemble des dessins de la serie sont l'occasion de montrer en quoi le livre illustre Martine est un medium complexe qui met en constante dialectique une image stereotypee et traditionnelle de la gent feminine et une vision relativement avant-gardiste d'une petite fille en qu'te d'activites physiques pionnieres et emancipatrices. Illustrated children's books contribute to the construction of the physical representations of young generations. Comics (1938) provided direct access to an idealized figure of American virility, but starting in 1954, young Francophone girls began to benefit from the publication of Martine, which presented a significantly more nuanced and even realistic form of identification. The same writer and illustrator produced the series for half a century. However, from Martine en voyage in 1954 to Martine – Princesses et chevaliers in 2004, the heroine evolved. Her physical practices also, along with their corresponding representations. This study develops a multidisciplinary tool for interpreting the adventures of Martine centred on her physical practices. Quantitative and qualitative analyses of the corpus of drawings from the series demonstrate the extent to which the illustrated book Martine is a complex medium creating an ongoing dialectic around the stereotypical and traditional image of the female gender versus a relatively avant-garde vision of a young girl in search of pioneering and liberating physical activities. |
