Current Status Regarding Tumour Progression, Surveillance, Diagnosis, Staging, and Treatment Of HCC: A Literature Review
| Autor: | Aboubakr M.H Mohamed, A. Shukri, Bassam M. Abunahel, Ammar A. Oglat, Nursakinah Suardi, Muntaser S. Ahmad, Hjouj Mohammad, Osama Makhamrah |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Sorafenib
medicine.medical_specialty 040301 veterinary sciences Malignancy 01 natural sciences 0403 veterinary science 0103 physical sciences medicine neoplasms Hepatology medicine.diagnostic_test 010308 nuclear & particles physics business.industry Gastroenterology Cancer Magnetic resonance imaging 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences medicine.disease digestive system diseases Review article Transplantation Hepatocellular carcinoma Radiology Liver cancer business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Research. 8:2841-2852 |
| ISSN: | 2224-3992 |
| Popis: | Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignant tumour of the liver, and is globally considered to be a major causes of cancer-associated mortality. The early diagnosis of HCC improves overall survival through the application of suitable treatment options. This article presents some of the techniques for the surveillance of HCC like ultrasonography and the use of tumour biomarkers such as α-fetoprotein (AFP), DesGamma-Carboxy Prothrombin (DCP) and others. Included in the discussion will be diagnostic methods like computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), contrast enhancement ultrasound (CEUS), and fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography hybrid with computed tomography (FDG PET/CT). Current molecular pathogenesis related to HCC and the molecular steps that determine the transition from benign to malignancy are also analysed. The HCC stages which depends on the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) algorithm are also discussed. Finally, this review article discusses the present therapeutic and treatment options for HCC such as resection, transplantation, or ablation used to treat early stage cancer. Also included will be trans-arterial chemoembolization (TACE) and Sorafenib for patients with intermediate and advanced-stage cancer, respectively. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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