Oncolytic Virotherapy and the Tumor Microenvironment
| Autor: | Sara E. Berkey, Steve H. Thorne, David L. Bartlett |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Chemokine Tumor microenvironment biology viruses Melanoma medicine.disease Virus Oncolytic virus 03 medical and health sciences 030104 developmental biology 0302 clinical medicine Immune system Tumor progression 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis Cancer cell biology.protein Cancer research medicine |
| Zdroj: | Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology ISBN: 9783319675756 |
| DOI: | 10.1007/978-3-319-67577-0_11 |
| Popis: | Oncolytic viral therapy is a promising approach to treat many malignancies, including breast, colorectal, hepatocellular, and melanoma. The best results are seen when using “targeted and armed” viruses. These are viruses that have been genetically modified to selectively replicate within cancer cells and express specific transgenes that alter the tumor microenvironment to inhibit tumor progression. The products of these transgenes induce cell death, make the virus less virulent, compromise tumor vascularity, and are capable of modulating or enhancing the immune system—such as cytokines and chemokines. In addition, oncolytic viruses can induce anti-vascular effects and disrupt the extracellular matrix to improve viral spread within the tumor. Oncolytic viruses also improve crosstalk between fibroblasts, cytokine-induced killer cells, and cancer cells within the microenvironment, leading to enhanced tumor cell death. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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