Effect of carbon doping on WO 3 /TiO 2 coupled oxide and its photocatalytic activity on diclofenac degradation
| Autor: | E. Ruiz-Ruiz, Laura Hinojosa-Reyes, Adrián Cordero-García, Jorge Luis Guzmán-Mar, Aracely Hernández-Ramírez |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Materials science
Scanning electron microscope Oxide chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology 010402 general chemistry 01 natural sciences Catalysis chemistry.chemical_compound X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy Materials Chemistry Organic chemistry Process Chemistry and Technology technology industry and agriculture Diclofenac Sodium 021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology 0104 chemical sciences Surfaces Coatings and Films Electronic Optical and Magnetic Materials chemistry Ceramics and Composites Photocatalysis Mixed oxide 0210 nano-technology Carbon Nuclear chemistry |
| Zdroj: | Ceramics International. 42:9796-9803 |
| ISSN: | 0272-8842 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.03.073 |
| Popis: | The improved photocatalyst carbon-doped WO 3 /TiO 2 mixed oxide was synthesized in this study using the sol–gel method. The catalyst was thoroughly characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance UV–vis spectroscopy, N 2 adsorption desorption analysis, scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM/EDX), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The photocatalytic efficiency of the prepared materials was evaluated with respect to the degradation of sodium diclofenac (DCF) in a batch reactor irradiated under simulated solar light. The progress of the degradation process of the drug was evaluated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), whereas mineralization was monitored by total organic carbon analysis (TOC) and ion chromatography (IC). The results of the photocatalytic evaluation indicated that the modified catalyst with tungsten and carbon (TWC) exhibited higher photocatalytic activity than TiO 2 (T) and WO 3 /TiO 2 (TW) in the degradation and mineralization of diclofenac (TWC>TW>T). Complete degradation of diclofenac occurred at 250 kJ m −2 of accumulated energy, whereas 82.4% mineralization at 400 kJ m −2 was achieved using the photocatalytic system WO 3 /TiO 2 -C. The improvement in the photocatalytic activity was attributed to the synergistic effect between carbon and WO 3 incorporated into the TiO 2 structure. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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