| Autor: |
Sanjio S. Zade, Prashant B. Sarode, Sandeep P. Bahekar, Hemant S. Chandak, Nikita R. Agrawal |
| Rok vydání: |
2015 |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
RSC Advances. 5:47053-47059 |
| ISSN: |
2046-2069 |
| DOI: |
10.1039/c5ra08022c |
| Popis: |
The synthesis of highly functionalized piperidines has been strategically accessed via organo-catalytic three components (in situ five components) reaction of an amine, aldehyde and 1,3-dicarbonyl compound. This imine based multi-component reaction was realized using fully green L-proline nitrate as recyclable room temperature ionic liquid. Recycling of the catalyst was possible up to five runs without loss of catalyst activity. Smaller E-factor (0.255) and process mass intensity (PMI = 3.35), high atom-economy (AE = 89.5%) and reaction mass efficiency (RME = 79.66%) demonstrates the higher environmental compatibility and sustainability of this protocol. DFT calculations showed that the L-proline catalyzed reaction proceeds by three pathways; (i) via proline enamine pathway, (ii) proline mediated aniline enamine pathway or (iii) the pathway involving iminium activation of the aldehyde to provide the Knoevenagel product. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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