Greenhouse gas emissions from ships in ports – Case studies in four continents
| Autor: | Hulda Winnes, Jimyoung Lee, Hanh Dam Le-Griffin, Linda Styhre, John Black |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2017 |
| Předmět: |
Engineering
Slow steaming business.industry 020209 energy Environmental engineering Environmental research Transportation 02 engineering and technology Energy consumption 010501 environmental sciences Alternative fuels 01 natural sciences Port (computer networking) Turnaround time Transport engineering Greenhouse gas 0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineering business 0105 earth and related environmental sciences General Environmental Science Civil and Structural Engineering Efficient energy use |
| Zdroj: | Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment. 54:212-224 |
| ISSN: | 1361-9209 |
| Popis: | Emissions of GHG from the transport sector and how to reduce them are major challenges for policy makers. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the level of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from ships while in port based on annual data from Port of Gothenburg, Port of Long Beach, Port of Osaka and Sydney Ports. Port call statistics including IMO number, ship name, berth number and time spent at berth for each ship call, were provided by each participating port. The IMO numbers were used to match each port call to ship specifications from the IHS database Sea-web. All data were analysed with a model developed by the IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute for the purpose of quantifying GHG emissions (as CO2-equivalent) from ships in the port area. Emissions from five operational modes are summed in order to account for ship operations in the different traffic areas. The model estimates total GHG emissions of 150,000, 240,000, 97,000, and 95,000 tonnes CO2 equivalents per year for Gothenburg, Long Beach, Osaka, and Sydney, respectively. Four important emission-reduction measures are discussed: reduced speed in fairway channels, on-shore power supply, reduced turnaround time at berth and alternative fuels. It is argued that the potential to reduce emissions in a port area depends on how often a ship revisits a port: there it in general is easier to implement measures for high-frequent liners. Ships that call 10 times or less contribute significantly to emissions in all ports. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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