Early introduction of root vegetables in infancy associated with advanced ß-cell autoimmunity in young children with human leukocyte antigen-conferred susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes
| Autor: | Suvi M. Virtanen, Mikael Knip, Carina Kronberg-Kippilä, Maijaliisa Erkkola, Riitta Veijola, Olli Simell, Liisa Uusitalo, Jorma Ilonen, Jaakko Nevalainen, Michael G. Kenward, H. M. Takkinen, Maija Salmenhaara |
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| Rok vydání: | 2011 |
| Předmět: |
medicine.medical_specialty
Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism Population Breastfeeding 030209 endocrinology & metabolism Disease 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Endocrinology Internal medicine Diabetes mellitus Immunopathology Internal Medicine Genetic predisposition Medicine 030212 general & internal medicine education 2. Zero hunger Type 1 diabetes education.field_of_study business.industry Hazard ratio medicine.disease 3. Good health Immunology business |
| Zdroj: | Diabetic Medicine. 28:965-971 |
| ISSN: | 0742-3071 |
| Popis: | Diabet. Med. 28, 965–971 (2011) Abstract Aims Early introduction of supplementary foods has been implicated to play a role in the development of s-cell autoimmunity. We set out to study the effects of breastfeeding and age at introduction of supplementary foods on the development of s-cell autoimmunity. Methods A prospective birth cohort of 6069 infants with HLA-DQB-conferred susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes was recruited between 1996 and 2004. Antibodies against islet cells, insulin, glutamate dehydroxylase and islet antigen 2 were measured at 3- to 12-month intervals. The families recorded at home the age at introduction of new foods and, for each visit, completed a structured dietary questionnaire. The endpoint was repeated positivity for islet cell antibodies plus at least one other antibody and/or clinical Type 1 diabetes (n = 265). Results Early introduction of root vegetables (by the age of 4 months) was related to increased risk of developing positivity for the endpoint [hazard ratio (95% CI) for the earliest third 1.75 (1.11–2.75) and for the middle third 1.79 (1.22–2.62) compared with the last third (> 4 months), likelihood ratio test P = 0.006], independently of the introduction of other foods and of several putative socio-demographic and perinatal confounding factors. Introducing wheat, rye, oats and/or barley cereals (P = 0.013) and egg (P = 0.031) early was related to an increased risk of the endpoint, but only during the first 3 years of life. Conclusions Early introduction of root vegetables during infancy is independently associated with increased risk of s-cell autoimmunity among Finnish children with increased genetic susceptibility to Type 1 diabetes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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