Effects of Art Therapy Program on Social and Communication Skills of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Primary School

Autor: Ana Pšihistal
Přispěvatelé: Degmečić, Dunja
Jazyk: chorvatština
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Popis: Cilj ovoga rada je prikazati različite primjene art terapijskih sadržaja u odgojne i obrazovne svrhe, kao indirektne metode koja omogućuje učenicima izražavanje misli i osjećaja. Likovna je terapija razvojno najprikladniji pristup za rad s djecom. Kako bi učenici mogli ostvariti svoje potencijale u školi, potrebno im je sigurno okruženje, podrška i dobri međusobni odnosi. Likovni proces može pružiti informacije o razvoju, emocionalnom i kognitivnom funkcioniranju, skrivenim i potisnutim traumama, prenositi i dvosmislene ili kontradiktorne osjećaje i percepcije te kao takav može uvelike utjecati na socijalne kompetencije učenika. Na taj način, učitelji u nastavi mogu lakše doprijeti do učenika koji imaju poteškoća u socijalnim interakcijama i teže se verbalno izražavaju, a posebno učenici s poremećajem iz autističnog spektra. Porastom dijagnosticirane djece s poremećajem iz autističnog spektra u školama, povećavaju se i potrebe za intervencijskim programima usmjerenim na poboljšanje socijalnih vještina. Korištenje neverbalnog izražavanja kroz kreativno iskustvo potiče izražavanje i predstavljanje vlastitih iskustava, povezivanje s objektima te predstavlja put prema povećanoj svijesti o sebi. Uz edukativne i pedagoške metode rada u školama, nužne su i terapijske metode. Art terapijski sadržaji potencijalna su pomoć koja bi omogućila pravilniji odabir odgovarajućih odgojnih metoda i pristupa kako nastavi, tako i samom djetetu i razrednoj skupini. The aim of this paper is to present different applications of art therapeutic content for educational purposes, as an indirect method that allows students to express thoughts and feelings. Art therapy is the most appropriate approach to working with child development. In order for students to realize their potential in school, they need a safe environment, support and good interpersonal relationships. The art process can provide information about development, emotional and cognitive functioning, hidden and repressed traumas, and convey ambiguous or contradictory feelings and perceptions, and as such can greatly affect students' social competencies. In this way, teachers in the classroom can more easily reach students who have difficulty in social interactions and find it harder to express themselves verbally, especially students with an autism spectrum disorder. As the number of diagnosed children with autism spectrum disorder in schools increases, so does the need for intervention programs aimed at improving social skills. The use of non-verbal expression through creative experience encourages the expression and presentation of one's own experiences, connecting with objects and represents a path to increased self-awareness. In addition to educational and pedagogical methods of work in schools, therapeutic methods are also necessary. Art therapeutic contents are a potential help that would enable a more correct selection of appropriate educational methods and approaches for teaching, as well as for the child and the class group.
Databáze: OpenAIRE