Transposable elements drive recent adaptation in Drosophila melanogaster
| Autor: | Ullastres, Ana, Barrón, Maite G., Fiston-Lavier, Anna-Sophie, Venkataram, S., Petrov, Dmitri A., González Pérez, Josefa |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Zdroj: | Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| Popis: | Trabajo presentado en el International Congres on Transposable Elements (ICTE 2016), celebrado en Saint Malo (Francia) del 16 al 19 de abril de 2016. Drosophila melanogaster is an excellent model organism to study adaptation to novel environments, as it has undergone a recent expansion from its origins in Africa to virtually the entire globe. A recent genome-wide screen surprisingly found signatures of adaptation in transposable element (TE) mutations, however, this study was based on a partial dataset of TEs that were sampled only in North American populations. In this work, we analyze all euchromatic TEs identified in three out-of-Africa populations: one North American (DGRP) and two European, Italian and Swedish. We identify 41 candidate adaptive TEs with significantly different frequencies within and outside of Africa, which doubles the number of candidate TEs for out-of-Africa adaptation compared to the previous study. 70.3% of these TEs showed signals of positive selection using the iHS statistic, and include the two TEs that have already been functionally validated. We find that most of these candidate TEs for out-of-Africa adaptation are inserted inside genes or at less than 1 kb distance, and we show that stress response and olfaction are over-represented in this set of genes. Our results highlight the important role of TEs in genome evolution, and shed light to the understanding of the phenotypes involved in adaptation to novel environments in natural populations. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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