Impact of socio-economic traditions on current tobacco and tea addictions (Siberia 17 th to 20 th century)
| Autor: | Macé, Matthias, Richeval, Camille, Gérard, Patrice, Duchesne, Sylvie, Cannet, Catherine, Boyarskikh, Irina, Gérault, Annie, Zvénigorosky, Vincent, Nikolaeva, Darya, Stépanoff, Charles, Allorge, Delphine, Debrenne, Michele, Ludes, Bertrand, Alexeev, Anatoly, Gaulier, Jean-Michel, Crubezy, E. |
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| Přispěvatelé: | CRUBEZY, Eric, Evolution et Diversité Biologique (EDB), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Toxicologie et Génopathies [CHRU Lille], Pôle de Biologie Pathologie Génétique [CHU Lille], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille), Centre d'anthropologie et de génomique de Toulouse (CAGT), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut de Médecine Légale [Strasbourg], Université Louis Pasteur - Strasbourg I, École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
[SHS.ARCHEO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory
[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistory [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio] [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology [SHS.RELIG] Humanities and Social Sciences/Religions [SHS]Humanities and Social Sciences [SHS.RELIG]Humanities and Social Sciences/Religions [SHS.ANTHRO-BIO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Biological anthropology [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio] [SHS.ENVIR] Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies [SHS.ENVIR]Humanities and Social Sciences/Environmental studies [SHS.HIST] Humanities and Social Sciences/History [SHS] Humanities and Social Sciences [SHS.HIST]Humanities and Social Sciences/History |
| Popis: | ObjectiveTo investigate how tobacco and tea spread among virgin populations and how the first addictions have subsequently influenced the behavior of present-day populations.DesignRetrospective observational study using data from frozen burials and levels of theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, nicotine, and cotinine measured in hair samples from frozen bodies of autochthonous people. Confrontation of the results with new ethnobotanical, historical and cultural data from the past and with present day epidemiological data from the same region.SettingEastern Siberia (Yakutia) from the contact with Europeans (17th century) to the assimilation of people into Russian society (19th century).Participants47 frozen bodies of autochthonous people from eastern Siberia and a review of present-day populations from YakutiaInterventionLevels of theobromine, theophylline, caffeine, nicotine, and cotinine were measured in hair samples. Along with the collection of cultural data associated with the bodies, potential comorbidities were investigated.Main outcome measureWe combined LC-HRMS and LC-MS/MS tools for toxicological investigations in hair and we assessed the association between xenobiotic concentrations and geography using several permutation-based methods to infer the economic circuits of tobacco and tea. Comparison of the results obtained with ethno-botanical analyses allowed to identify the products from which the metabolites were derived.ResultsHair levels of theobromine, theophylline and caffeine vary with the type of beverage consumed: green, black or local herbal teas. At the beginning of our study period, a few heavy consumers of tobacco were found among light or passive consumers. Tobacco-related co-morbidities began to be recorded one century after contact with Europeans. Heavy tea users were only found from the 19th century and the heaviest users of the two substances date from this century. After the first contact, teas were widely consumed as beverages and medicines but also for shamanic reasons. Economic factors, fashion and social and family contacts seem to have played a decisive role in tobacco consumption very early on.ConclusionEpidemiological characteristics of present-day Yakutia suggest that the high prevalence of smokers and tea consumers, the prevalence of female smokers and tobacco use in the north, find their origins in the diffusion phenomena of the 18th and 19th century. Behavioral evolution governed the process of substance integration and was determinant for the continuity of use of these substances over a long period of time. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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