| Autor: |
Cetinkaya, O., Zaghari, B., Bulot, F.M.J., Damaj, W., Jubb, S.A., Stein, S., Weddell, A.S., Mayfield, M., Beeby, S. |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| ISSN: |
2576-3180 |
| Popis: |
Cities are monitored by sparsely positioned high-cost reference stations that fail to capture local variations. Although these stations must be ubiquitous to achieve high spatio-temporal resolutions, the required capital expenditure makes that infeasible. Here, low-cost IoT devices come into prominence; however, non-disposable and often non-rechargeable batteries they have pose a huge risk for the environment. The projected numbers of required IoT devices will also yield to heavy network traffic, thereby crippling the RF spectrum. To tackle these problems and ensure a more sustainable IoT, the cities must be monitored with fewer devices extracting highly granular data in a self-sufficient manner. Hence, this paper introduces a network architecture with energy harvesting low-cost mobile sensors mounted on bikes and unmanned aerial vehicles, underpinned by key enabling technologies. Based on the experience gained through real-world trials, a detailed overview of the technical challenges encountered when using low-cost sensors and the requirements for achieving high spatio-temporal resolutions in the 3D space are highlighted. Finally, to show the capability of the envisioned architecture in distributed sensing, a case study on air quality monitoring investigating the variations in particulate and gaseous pollutant dispersion during the first lockdown of COVID-19 pandemic is presented. The results showed that using mobile sensors is as accurate as using stationary ones with the potential of reducing device numbers, leading to a more sustainable IoT. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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