| Autor: |
Simon, Jeanne, González-Parra, Claudio |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Conference Papers - American Sociological Association; 2005 Annual Meeting, Philadelphia, p1-18, 18p |
| Abstrakt: |
With the return to democratic government in Chile in 1989, after 17 years of military dictatorship, a new, “democratic” indigenous policy was developed by the new government, producing important changes in the traditional political structure of the indigenous communities. These changes are a product of both the incorporation of Pehuenche communities into the economic globalization process as well as State action and policy in the communities. After characterizing the new indigenous policy, this study characterizes and analyzes the changes produced by this policy in the traditional Pehuenche leadership structures in Alto Biobio, Southern Chile. The results are based on a series of interviews with Pehuenche community leaders. The most important change in the Pehuenche leadership structure consists in the loss of the traditional figure of “lonko” as the spiritual and political authority in the community. The interviewees attributed the changes this loss of many aspects of its traditional authority due to the outside influences of western religions, the formal education system, and the relations with the Chilean government and internally due to community divisions. The second change found is the instrumentalization of the leadership position, being especially important the leader’s capacity to relate with non-Pehuenche actors. The third transformation is the generational change towards younger leaders when traditionally Pehuenche leaders were the older members of the community. The Pehuenche identity is being redefined with respect to the State and other “Chileans” and with respect to its monetary value in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
| Databáze: |
Supplemental Index |
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