| Autor: |
Walters, Richard H., Banks, Robin K., Ryder, Robert R., WALTERS, R H, BANKS, R K, RYDER, R R |
| Předmět: |
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| Zdroj: |
Journal of Personality; Mar59, Vol. 27 Issue 1, p47-55, 9p |
| Abstrakt: |
The article confirms the occurrence of defensive mechanisms involving the misperception, distortion, or repression of visually material. In an experiment conducted on it, it was found that visual recognition thresholds for socially taboo words were higher than those for nontaboo words. Perceptual defense phenomena can be readily accounted for in terms of social learning. Socially taboo words are by definition words that meet with disapproval and punishment in certain social contexts. In other social contexts, however, they may be permitted or even approved. Thus a student may hesitate to pronounce a taboo word in the presence of his instructor, but he may freely use much "dirtier" words in conversation with his peers. In other words, he has learned to discriminate. Discrimination learning requires not only the reinforcement of "correct" responses, but also inhibition of "incorrect" ones. Perceptual defense phenomena may thus be regarded as instances of conditioned avoidance responses. If conditioned avoidance responses generalize the subliminal stimuli should produce distortion or misperception of other stimuli that follow them. |
| Databáze: |
Complementary Index |
| Externí odkaz: |
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