Observation of quantum entanglement with top quarks at the ATLAS detector.

Autor: Aad, G., Abbott, B., Abeling, K., Abicht, N. J., Abidi, S. H., Aboulhorma, A., Abramowicz, H., Abreu, H., Abulaiti, Y., Acharya, B. S., Bourdarios, C. Adam, Adamczyk, L., Addepalli, S. V., Addison, M. J., Adelman, J., Adiguzel, A., Adye, T., Affolder, A. A., Afik, Y., Agaras, M. N.
Zdroj: Nature; Sep2024, Vol. 633 Issue 8030, p542-547, 6p
Abstrakt: Entanglement is a key feature of quantum mechanics1–3, with applications in fields such as metrology, cryptography, quantum information and quantum computation4–8. It has been observed in a wide variety of systems and length scales, ranging from the microscopic9–13 to the macroscopic14–16. However, entanglement remains largely unexplored at the highest accessible energy scales. Here we report the highest-energy observation of entanglement, in top–antitop quark events produced at the Large Hadron Collider, using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 inverse femtobarns (fb)−1 recorded with the ATLAS experiment. Spin entanglement is detected from the measurement of a single observable D, inferred from the angle between the charged leptons in their parent top- and antitop-quark rest frames. The observable is measured in a narrow interval around the top–antitop quark production threshold, at which the entanglement detection is expected to be significant. It is reported in a fiducial phase space defined with stable particles to minimize the uncertainties that stem from the limitations of the Monte Carlo event generators and the parton shower model in modelling top-quark pair production. The entanglement marker is measured to be D = −0.537 ± 0.002 (stat.) ± 0.019 (syst.) for 340 GeV < m t t ¯ < 380 GeV . The observed result is more than five standard deviations from a scenario without entanglement and hence constitutes the first observation of entanglement in a pair of quarks and the highest-energy observation of entanglement so far.Entanglement was observed in top–antitop quark events by the ATLAS experiment produced at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN using a proton–proton collision dataset with a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 140 fb−1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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