| Abstrakt: |
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), a condition which is chronic and characterized by immune imbalance, colitis exacerbation and intestinal inflammation. The gut microbiota mainly responsible for progression and development of IBD, influencing IBD susceptibility, intestinal inflammation and immune dysregulation. Dysbiosis, characterized by an imbalance in the gut microbial composition, is observed in IBD patients, with a decrease in beneficial bacteria from the Firmicutes phylum and an increase in pathogenic bacteria from the Proteobacteria phylum. Additionally, alterations in the gut mycobiome and virome have been implicated in IBD, impacting bacterial-host interactions and bacterial functions. Dietary patterns, such as Mediterranean and vegetarian diets, have shown promising effects in IBD management. These diets, rich in fruits, olive oil, whole grains, fish oil and vegetables, provide essential nutrients and support a healthy gut microbiota, which help in preventing dysbiosis and its associated pathogenesis. Probiotic supplementation has demonstrated efficacy in restoring gut microbiota balance and improving symptoms in IBD patients. Specific probiotic strains have been found to modulate the intestinal barrier, immune function and inflammation, offering potential therapeutic benefits. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
