| Abstrakt: |
In this study, three essential oils extracted from sage (Salvia officinalis L.), thyme (Thymus vulgaris L.) and daphne (Laurus nobilis L.) were used individually against the adult Frankliniella occidentalis Pergande (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) pest. Afterward, the fumigant toxicity of binary (1:1) and tertiary (1:1:1) mixtures was investigated under laboratory conditions. The results showed that all essential oils tested, both alone and in all binary and tertiary mixtures, had fumigant toxicity on adult F. occidentalis. Mortality rates of 3–5-day-old adults of F. occidentalis increased with increasing concentration from 2 to 10 µL/L. In the entire study, binary and tertiary mixtures of the oils were more successful than the individual application. At a dose of 10 µL/L, all binary and tertiary mixtures of the oils caused 100% mortality at all exposure times. However, when sage oil was fumigated for 24 h and applied alone, the mortality rate was less than 100%. Moreover, the highest synergistic effect was found in tertiary essential oil mixtures (sage + daphne + thyme) with 10.0 µL/L air LC50 value in all application doses, counted after 48 h. Our overall results show that binary and tertiary mixtures of all tested essential oils are promising candidates for protection against western flower thrips. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
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