| Abstrakt: |
Both men and women who violate gender stereotypes incur backlashes, or penalties, for these transgressions. However, men who engage in warm, communal behaviors occasionally receive a boost (or benefit) for this female-stereotyped behavior. To understand how and why warmth and gender interact to predict backlashes or boosts, we integrate uncertainty reduction theory with the stereotype content model and examine this interaction. In our first study, we find that men receive a boost for exhibiting gender incongruent (i.e., high) levels of warmth (in obtaining a job offer) but women do not receive a backlash for exhibiting gender incongruent (i.e., low) levels of warmth. In our second study, we replicate and extend these findings by elucidating why they occur: because warmth reduces relational uncertainty for male applicants. In our third study, we again replicate and extend this model to identify when these effects are stronger: in male-dominated roles. Our investigation suggests that the valence of the gender stereotype violation matters for hiring decisions. Indeed, we find that displaying warmth may actually promote, rather than impede, career outcomes for men. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
