| Abstrakt: |
Wang Fuzhi's philosophy was generated from unique historical circumstances in the 17th century.[1] First of all, his philosophy as a whole touched on the cognitive aspects of several distinct processes, which he termed "inquiring the pattern through approaching concrete affairs" ( I ji shi qiong li i ),[2] "governing the heart by the pattern" ( I yi li yu xin i ),[3] "crystallizing the way through [letting it] immerge in virtue" ( I ru de yi ning dao i ),[4] and "discerning the continuing through summarizing the changing" ( I yao bian yi zhi chang i ).[5] Second, he examined the objective and contradictory movement of nature and human society with the dialectics of "integrating the manifold and synthesizing contrasts" ( I hui qi canwu, tong qi cuozong i , ),[6] in order to put forward the dialectical historical view of nature and human society that "wholly realizes the change in the pattern of things and human affairs" ( I ji wuli renshi zhi bian i ).[7] In addition, Wang also completed dialectical research on the process of cognition itself. Wang attempts to discriminate two kinds of "pattern" in history: One is the "pattern endowed with the way [i.e., rightness or moral truth]" ( I you dao zhi li i ), or the pattern "of certainty" ( I you ding i ), and the pattern Li "of facticity" ( I dang ran er ran i ). Two and One, Separation and Reunion Wang Chuanshan says that "Yin and Yang both exist in the intermingling, appearing by alternation and change" and that "two opposite inceptions both originate in one single I qi i vitality, rubbing and agitating each other, inexhaustibly producing alternation and transformation."[18] With the efficient cause located in the intermingling, Wang elaborates his theory of contradiction. [Extracted from the article] |
