Identification and Ecological Hazard Analysis of Contaminants of Emerging Concerns (CECs) in Water Bodies Located in a Coastal Metropolitan Environment.

Autor: Nejumal, K. K., Sreejith, M. Vishnu, Dineep, D., Aravind, Usha K., Aravindakumar, C. T.
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Zdroj: Water, Air & Soil Pollution; Oct2021, Vol. 232 Issue 10, p1-14, 14p
Abstrakt: There is a rise in concern across the globe over the contaminants of emerging concerns (CECs) such as pharmaceuticals, personal care products (PCPs), UV stabilizers, surfactants, endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs), etc. In the present study, we have identified some compounds belonging to the classes of pharmaceuticals, PCPs, and EDCs in the water samples collected from the coastal area of Ernakulam district of Kerala (India) (sea and lake). The analysis was carried out using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-ToF–MS) after enrichment by solid-phase extraction. The nine CECs were identified in both positive and negative electrospray ionization mode (ESI). In both the matrices (sea and lake water), the highest concentration levels were noted for benzophenone (26.5–33.2 µg/l) and dibutyl phthalate (12.65–35.21 µg/l), whereas butyl and propyl parabens occurred at low concentration levels. The normality (Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk) tests indicated that the concentration levels of contaminants among lake water samples were non-normally distributed. Whereas in seawater samples, the contaminant concentration levels were normally distributed. The analysis of homogeneity of variance and ANOVA test revealed no significant relationship between the contaminants detected from the lake and seawater samples. The risk assessment analysis showed that the organisms in the lake are at more risk compared to that of the sea. The results from the risk quotient (RQ) values obtained for each identified compound showed that the presence of dibutyl phthalate, butylparaben, and oxybenzone pose a medium risk to biological populations than other CECs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
Databáze: Complementary Index
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