| Abstrakt: |
The Dniester River flows a distance of 1362 km from the Carpathians to the Black Sea. On its way the river crosses several natural landscape and geographical zones, characteristic of the whole Ukraine. They are a glacial and aquaglacial plain of the ancient continental Scandinavian glacier; a lake-swampriver forest lowland of Polissia; an aeolian-deluvial forest-steppe highland of Prykarpattia and Podillia; the mountain-forest Carpathians with the traces of ancient valley glaciation; an ancient Sarmatian Great Barrier Reef of the Tethys Ocean; a forest-steppe plain of the Prut-Dniester interfluve area and Podillia, and an estuary-sea plain of the Dniester estuary and the Black Sea. In each area there are nature reserves and objects that embody the characteristic landscape features of a particular zone. They are "strung" on the Dniester river course like beads on a necklace. The history of the Dniester during 3 million years of its existence after the retreat of the Sarmatian Sea (from the Pliocene to the present) was reconstructed based on the alluvium of terraces, in which the representative complexes of fauna of large and small mammals, shells, ostracods, paleocarpological and palynological complexes were found, the absolute age was determined by radiocarbon and thermoluminescent methods. To preserve the natural wildlife diversity, it is necessary to study each nature reserve and object in detail, ecologically assess the geological environment, terrain relief, atmospheric air and hydrosphere, soil and vegetation, fauna, sociosphere and technosphere, and develop the environmental safety measures depending on natural trends in the development of landscape areas and modern anthropogenic impact. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] |
