Extent and Nature of Television Food and Nonalcoholic Beverage Marketing in 9 Asian Countries: Cross-Sectional Study Using a Harmonized Approach.

Autor:	Karupaiah T; School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.; Food Security and Nutrition Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia., Rahman SMM; Department of Health Promotion and Health Education, Faculty of Public Health, Bangladesh University of Health Sciences, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Zhang J; School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China., Kumar N; Chitkara School of Health Sciences, Chitkara University, Punjab, India., Jamiyan B; Department for Nutrition Research, National Center for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Pokharel RK; Public Health Nutrition Section, South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN)-Nepal (A Nepal Chapter of Global SAIFRN Network), Lalitpur, Nepal., Borazon EQ; International Graduate Program of Education and Human Development, College of Social Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan., Thoradeniya T; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka., Tho NTT; Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Control Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam., Mackay S; School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Kelly B; Faculty of the Arts, Social Sciences and Humanities, Early Start, School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia., Swinburn B; School of Population Health, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand., Chinna K; Faculty of Business and Management, UCSI University, Cheras, Malaysia., Dashzeveg E; Department for Nutrition Research, National Center for Public Health, Ministry of Health, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia., Ong GR; School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia., Narayanan SS; School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.; Food Security and Nutrition Impact Lab, Taylor's University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia., Sameeha MJ; Nutritional Sciences Programme, Centre for Community Health Studies, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Uddin MA; Academic Wing, Institute of Public Health, Dhaka, Bangladesh., Tang Y; School of Population Medicine and Public Health, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China., Sharma NK; Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India., Pokharel R; Public Health Nutrition Section, South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN)-Nepal (A Nepal Chapter of Global SAIFRN Network), Lalitpur, Nepal., Rome AC; Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Home Economics, University of the Philippines-Diliman, Metro Manila, Philippines., Wickramasinghe VP; Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Colombo, Colombo, Sri Lanka., Huy PT; Noncommunicable Disease (NCD) Control Department, National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	JMIR pediatrics and parenting [JMIR Pediatr Parent] 2024 Dec 04; Vol. 7, pp. e63410. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Dec 04.
DOI:	10.2196/63410
Abstrakt:	Background: Rising childhood obesity rates in Asia are adding risk for the future adult burden of obesity and noncommunicable diseases. Weak policies across most Asian countries enable unrestricted marketing of obesogenic foods and beverages to children. Television is the common medium for food marketing to reach this audience. Objective: This study aimed to assess the extent and nature of television food and nonalcoholic beverage marketing in 9 Asian countries (Bangladesh, China, India, Malaysia, Mongolia, Nepal, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, and Vietnam) with capacity building support from the International Network for Food and Obesity/Non-Communicable Disease Research, Monitoring and Action Support, who enabled harmonization of data collection method and content analyses. Methods: Advertised foods were categorized as permitted or not permitted based on the nutrient profile models established by the World Health Organization regional offices for South-East Asia (SEARO) and the World Health Organization regional offices for Western Pacific (WPRO). Overall rates of food advertisements (advertisements per hour per channel) and persuasive strategy use were analyzed along with comparisons between children's peak viewing time (PVT) and non-PVT. Results: Cross-country comparisons, irrespective of country income level, indicated that not permitted food advertising dominated children's popular television channels, especially during PVT with rates as per WPRO or SEARO criteria ranging from 2.40/2.29 (Malaysia) to 9.70/9.41 advertisements per hour per channel (the Philippines). Persuasive strategy rates were also comparatively higher during PVT. Sugar-sweetened beverages, sugar-containing solid foods, and high salt- and fat-containing snacks and fast foods were frequently advertised. Evaluation of the application of WPRO and SEARO nutrient profile models identified inconsistencies due to regional taste and cuisine variations across Asia. Conclusions: This study clearly showed that unhealthy food marketing through popular children's television channels is widely occurring in Asia and is a clear breach of child rights. Evidence outcomes will benefit advocacy toward stronger policy regulations to control unhealthy food marketing and strengthen strategies to promote a healthier food environment for Asia's children. (©Tilakavati Karupaiah, Shah Md Mahfuzur Rahman, Juan Zhang, Naveen Kumar, Batjargal Jamiyan, Raj Kumar Pokharel, Elaine Quintana Borazon, Tharanga Thoradeniya, Nguyen Thi Thi Tho, Sally Mackay, Bridget Kelly, Boyd Swinburn, Karuthan Chinna, Enkhmyagmar Dashzeveg, Gild Rick Ong, Sreelakshmi Sankara Narayanan, Mohd Jamil Sameeha, Mohammad Ahsan Uddin, Yuxiang Tang, Naresh Kumar Sharma, Rishav Pokharel, Anna Christine Rome, V Pujitha Wickramasinghe, Phan Thanh Huy. Originally published in JMIR Pediatrics and Parenting (https://pediatrics.jmir.org), 04.12.2024.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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