Pediatric onset multiple sclerosis in Kuwait.

Autor: Alroughani R; Division of Neurology, Amiri Hospital, Arabian Gulf Street, Sharq 13041, Kuwait. Electronic address: alroughani@gmail.com., AlMojel M; Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Arabian Gulf Street, Sharq 13041, Kuwait. Electronic address: malak.almojel@gmail.com., Qasem D; Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Arabian Gulf Street, Sharq 13041, Kuwait. Electronic address: Dalal.qassim@hotmail.com., Al-Hashel J; Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, Safat, 13115, Kuwait; Faculty of Medicine, Kuwait University, P.O. Box 24923, Safat, 13110, Kuwait. Electronic address: dralhasel@hotmail.com., Ahmed SF; Department of Neurology, Ibn Sina Hospital, P.O. Box 25427, Safat, 13115, Kuwait; Department of Neurology and Psychiatry, Minia University, P.O. Box 61519, Minia 61111, Egypt. Electronic address: samerelshayb@hotmail.com.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Clinical neurology and neurosurgery [Clin Neurol Neurosurg] 2024 Nov 16; Vol. 248, pp. 108643. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 16.
DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2024.108643
Abstrakt: Background: Epidemiological data of pediatric-onset multiple sclerosis (POMS) in the Middle East is limited.
Objective: To determine the demographic and clinical characteristics of POMS in Kuwait.
Methods: A retrospective study was conducted to assess the clinical characteristics of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients who disease onset started at age < 18 years and fulfilled the International Pediatric MS Study Group (IPMSSG) criteria for MS.
Results: Of 249 POMS who were assessed, 70.3 % were female. The mean age at onset was 15.06 +11.78 years. Brainstem / cerebellar manifestation (34.9 %) were the most frequent presentation at onset of disease, followed by spinal (29.3 %) and visual pathway (27.3 %) symptoms. At the last follow-up visits, most of the patients (83.5 %) remained in a relapsing-remitting phenotype. The annual relapse rate (ARR) was 0.18 throughout the first 2 years while on treatment. At the baseline visit, the 51.4 % of the cohort-initiated platform therapies. Breakthrough disease (36.1 %) and adverse events (9.6 %) were the most common indications to escalate or switch to other disease-modifying drugs (DMTs).
Conclusion: Most POMS patients continued to be in a relapsing phenotype in our longitudinal study. Disease breakthrough is common in POMS especially when using platform therapies.
Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest Dr. Raed Alroughani, Dr. Malak AlMojel, Dr. Dalal Qasem, Dr. Jasem Al-Hashel and Dr. Samar Ahmed have no conflict of interests with respect to this research.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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