Perineural Invasion in Head and Neck Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Autor: Pei M; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Wiefels M; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Harris D; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Velez Torres JM; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Gomez-Fernandez C; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Tang JC; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Hernandez Aya L; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Department of Medicine, Division of Medical Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Samuels SE; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Sargi Z; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Weed D; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Dinh C; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA., Kaye ER; Department of Otolaryngology, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.; Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cancers [Cancers (Basel)] 2024 Nov 01; Vol. 16 (21). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 01.
DOI: 10.3390/cancers16213695
Abstrakt: Background/Objectives: Cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) is the second most common skin cancer, with a lifetime risk of 14-20% that is rising every year. Although prognosis for cSCC is generally good, certain high-risk features of cSCC portend increased rates of nodal and distant metastasis, recurrence, and disease-specific mortality. One such high-risk factor is perineural invasion (PNI), which is broadly defined as the invasion of cancer into and around nerves. Compared to other high-risk factors, PNI presence is associated with the highest risk for locoregional and distant metastasis. Still, the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PNI remain poorly understood. Recent studies suggest the migration and invasion of tumors into nerves is a result of complex molecular crosstalk within the tumor-nerve microenvironment, wherein the milieu of signaling molecules simultaneously promote neuronal growth and tumor cell invasion. Methods: Understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms that promote PNI will lead to future developments of targeted therapies that may improve locoregional control and survival. Results/Conclusions: In our article, we aim to provide a comprehensive review of recent findings about the pathogenesis of PNI, clinical implications of PNI-positive disease in cSCC, available treatment modalities, and potential future therapeutic targets.
Databáze: MEDLINE
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