What factors are associated with early childhood development in Thailand? A cross-sectional analysis using the 2022 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey.

Autor:	Topothai T; National University Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore e0919694@u.nus.edu.; International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Phisanbut N; UNICEF Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand., Topothai C; National University Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore.; International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Suphanchaimat R; International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand.; Division of Epidemiology, Department of Disease Control, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Müller-Riemenschneider F; National University Singapore Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, Singapore.; National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore., Cetthakrikul N; International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand., Tangcharoensathien V; International Health Policy Program, Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, Thailand.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	BMJ paediatrics open [BMJ Paediatr Open] 2024 Nov 05; Vol. 8 (1). Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Nov 05.
DOI:	10.1136/bmjpo-2024-002985
Abstrakt:	Background: Early childhood development is essential for lifelong health and well-being. This study aims to assess the proportion of children aged 24-59 months in Thailand who are developmentally on track using the Early Childhood Development Index 2030 (ECDI2030) and to explore associations with household socioeconomic characteristics and environments. Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted using data from the 2022 Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey by the Thailand National Statistical Office. The developmental progress of 6557 children was evaluated across health, learning and psychosocial domains using ECDI2030 criteria. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess associations between developmental status and household and participant characteristics. Results: The study found that 81.3% of children were developmentally on track. Factors positively associated with being on track included being female (adjusted OR (AOR)=1.49), higher maternal education (AOR=2.02 for above secondary education), more books at home (AOR=1.59 for 3-9 books; AOR=2.40 for 10+ books) and increased screen time (AOR=1.68). Living in the Northern (AOR=0.45) and Northeastern (AOR=0.56) regions decreased the likelihood of being on track. Conclusion: Around 20% of children did not meet ECDI2030 milestones, highlighting the need for targeted policy interventions. Gender, region, maternal education, access to books and screen time were significant factors for developmental outcomes. Policies should prioritise support for parents, nurturing care and educational resources, particularly for socioeconomically disadvantaged groups. Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared. (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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