| Autor: |
James SD; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Elgar CE; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Chen D; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China. xiaohe.t@wchscu.cn., Lewis MI; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Ash ETL; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Conway DS; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Tuckley BJ; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Phillips LE; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Kolozsvári N; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk., Tian X; State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Radiology and National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610000, Sichuan Province, China. xiaohe.t@wchscu.cn., Gill MR; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Swansea University, Swansea, UK. m.r.gill@swansea.ac.uk. |
| Abstrakt: |
Ruthenium(II) polypyridyl complexes (RPCs) that emit from triplet metal-to-ligand charge transfer (MLCT) states find a wide variety of uses ranging from luminophores to potential anti-cancer or anti-bacterial therapeutics. Herein we describe a greener, microwave-assisted synthetic pathway for the preparation of homoleptic [Ru(N^N) 3 ] 2+ and bis-heteroleptic [Ru(N^N) 2 (N'^N')] 2+ type complexes. This employs the bio-renewable solvent Cyrene™, dihydrolevoglucosenone, as a green alternative to N , N '-dimethylformamide (DMF) in the synthesis of Ru(N^N) 2 Cl 2 intermediate complexes, obtaining comparable yields for N^N = 2,2'-bipyridine, 1,10-phenanthroline and methylated derivatives. Employing these intermediates, a range of RPCs were prepared and we verify that the ubiquitous luminophore [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ (bpy = 2,2'-bipyridine) can be prepared by this two-step green pathway where it is virtually indistinguishable from a commercial reference. Furthermore, the novel complexes [Ru(bpy) 2 (10,11-dmdppz)] 2+ (10,11-dmdppz = 10,11-dimethyl-dipyridophenazine) and [Ru(5,5'-dmbpy) 2 (10,11-dmdppz)] 2+ (5,5'-dmbpy = 5,5'-dimethyl-bpy) intercalate duplex DNA with high affinity (DNA binding constants, K b = 5.7 × 10 7 and 1.0 × 10 7 M -1 , respectively) and function as plasma membrane and nuclear DNA dyes for confocal and STED microscopies courtesy of their long-lived MLCT luminescence. |
