Dietary Protein in a Challenge Meal Does Not Alleviate Postprandial Impairments in Vascular Endothelial Function in Healthy Older Adults with Cardiometabolic Risk: A Randomized Crossover-Controlled Trial.

Autor:	Dimina LJ; Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Palaiseau, France., Leray V; Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, INSERM CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Voute M; Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, INSERM CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France., David J; Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Blavignac C; Centre Imagerie Cellulaire Santé, UCA PARTNER, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Farges MC; Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Rossary A; Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Tsikas D; Core Unit Proteomics, Institute of Toxicology, Hannover Medical School, 3 Hannover, Germany., Rémond D; Université Clermont-Auvergne, INRAE, UNH, Unité de Nutrition Humaine, CRNH-Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Pickering G; Platform of Clinical Investigation Department, INSERM CIC 1405, University Hospital Clermont-Ferrand, Clermont-Ferrand, France; INSERM 1107, University Clermont Auvergne, Clermont-Ferrand, France., Mariotti F; Université Paris-Saclay, AgroParisTech, INRAE, UMR PNCA, Palaiseau, France. Electronic address: francois.mariotti@agroparistech.fr.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	The Journal of nutrition [J Nutr] 2024 Oct 16. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 16.
DOI:	10.1016/j.tjnut.2024.10.018
Abstrakt:	Background: Postprandial vascular endothelial dysfunction is an early marker of atherosclerosis. Meal protein has been reported to reduce endothelial dysfunction in adults, and the effect could be mediated by the amino acid content. Objectives: This trial aims to assess the effect of a specifically designed plant-protein blend that contains high leucine, arginine, and cysteine on postprandial endothelial function in the elderly. Methods: In a randomized, double-blind, 3-period crossover (2-wk washout), controlled trial, we compared the vascular effects of 3 high-saturated-fat high-sucrose (HFHS) meals based on either our specific plant-protein blend, milk protein, or without added protein. The trial was conducted on 29 healthy adults aged >65 y presenting ≥2 cardiometabolic risk factors. Postprandial vascular function was evaluated at fasting, 3 h, and 5 h postprandially, using brachial flow-mediated dilation (FMD), hand microvascular reactivity (using Flowmetry Laser Doppler, FLD), and finger reactive hyperemia index (using Peripheral Arterial Tonometry, RHI). Immune cell count and gene expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were also assessed postprandially. Data were analyzed using mixed linear models with repeated measurements on participants for meal composition and time of sampling. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT04923555. Results: FMD incremental AUC value decreased after meals (time effect P < 0.01), with no significant differences between meals. RHI also decreased with time (P < 0.01). PBMC count and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-1b, and IL-6 expression increased after meals showing postprandial endothelial activation (P < 0.05). Overall, meal composition had no effect on any of the postprandial changes (Ps>0.10). Conclusions: In healthy adults aged >65 y presenting cardiometabolic risk, adding protein to an HFHS challenge meal does not mitigate postprandial impairments in vascular endothelial function and inflammatory activation. Further studies are needed to explore the potential differences with younger adults. Competing Interests: Conflict of interest The authors report no conflicts of interest. (Copyright © 2024 American Society for Nutrition. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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