Efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing explicit and implicit weight bias in healthcare students: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Autor: Jayawickrama RS; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia., Hill B; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia.; Health and Social Care Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Victoria, Australia., O'Connor M; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia., Flint SW; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Yorkshire, UK.; Scaled Insights, Nexus, University of Leeds, Yorkshire, UK., Hemmingsson E; The Department of Physical Activity and Health, The Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences, Stockholm, Sweden., Ellis LR; School of Psychology, University of Leeds, Yorkshire, UK., Du Y; TEKsystems, Shanghai, China., Lawrence BJ; School of Population Health, Curtin University, Western Australia, Australia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Obesity reviews : an official journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity [Obes Rev] 2024 Oct 08, pp. e13847. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Oct 08.
DOI: 10.1111/obr.13847
Abstrakt: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of interventions aimed at reducing weight bias in healthcare students, and to explore factors that may impact intervention success. A systematic review and random-effects meta-analyses were conducted by including studies that examined the efficacy of weight bias reduction interventions for healthcare students. Of the 3463 journal articles and dissertations screened, 67 studies (within 64 records) met inclusion criteria, with 35 studies included in the meta-analyses (explicit = 35, implicit [and explicit] = 10) and 32 studies included in the narrative synthesis (explicit = 34, implicit [and explicit] = 3). Weight bias interventions had a small but positive impact, g = -0.31 (95% CI = -0.43 to -0.19, p < 0.001), in reducing students' explicit weight bias but there was no intervention effect on implicit weight bias, g = -0.12 (95% CI = -0.26 to 0.02, p = 0.105). There was considerable heterogeneity in the pooled effect for explicit bias (I 2  = 74.28, Q = 132.21, df = 34, p < 0.001). All subgroup comparisons were not significant (p > 0.05) and were unable to explain the observed heterogeneity. Narrative synthesis supported meta-analytic findings. The small but significant reduction of explicit weight bias encourages the continued testing of interventions, irrespective of variation in individual intervention components. Contrarily, reductions in implicit weight bias may only be possible from a large societal shift in negative beliefs and attitudes held towards people living in larger bodies.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Obesity Reviews published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of World Obesity Federation.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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