Effects of High-Intensity Interval Walking on Cognitive and Physical Functions in Older Adults: A Randomized Pilot Study.

Autor:	Li X; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.; Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Seo JW; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Bae JH; Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.; Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Jiang S; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Sung Y; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Jamrasi P; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Ahn SY; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Han S; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Kim S; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Kim C; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Jang IY; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Zulkifli NAB; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Shin H; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR., Choi JY; Police and Judicial Administration, Korea Senior Health Sports Association, Seoul, KOR., Park SC; Aging Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, KOR., Song W; Physical Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.; Sport Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.; Aging, Seoul National University, Seoul, KOR.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Aug 29; Vol. 16 (8), pp. e68165. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 29 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.7759/cureus.68165
Abstrakt:	Background: Walking is widely recognized as a prevalent form of daily exercise worldwide. However, fewer studies have explored the health outcomes of different intensities of walking exercise for older adults. Thus, the study aimed to investigate the effects of walking at different exercise intensities on body composition, emotions, cognition, and physical function among older adults. Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the effects of walking at different exercise intensities on body composition, emotions, cognition, and physical function after eight weeks of group walking. Specifically, the study focused on the potential benefits of high-intensity interval walking (HIIW), exploring whether HIIW could have a more positive impact on the physical function and overall health of older adults compared to moderate-intensity continuous walking (MICW). Methods: Participants aged 65 years or older were randomly assigned to either HIIW (n=13, 85% HRmax and 55% HRmax, alternating every three minutes) or MICW (n=13, 70% HRmax), engaging in group walking exercises for 30 minutes three times a week. The pre-test and post-test evaluations included body composition, cognition, emotions, and physical function. Results: The two-minute step test showed significant improvements over time ( p <0.0001) and time-group interaction ( p =0.004), and sit and reach showed significant changes over time ( p <0.0001). The independent T-test showed significant differences between the HIIW and MICW groups (two-minute step test: t (24)=1.80, p =0.04; sit and reach test: t (19)=3.65, p <0.001) at post-measurement. Additionally, no significant differences were found in body composition (weight, p =0.74; body mass index (BMI), p =0.35; body fat mass, p =0.45; skeletal muscle mass (SMM), p =0.77), emotions (geriatric depression scale (GDS), p =0.79; quality of life (QOL), p =0.54; Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, p =0.24), and cognitive function (CoSAS total score, p =0.25) between the HIIW and MICW groups after exercise. Grip strength, balance, 30-second chair stand, back scratch, and eight-foot up and go tests showed no significant effects in the time-group interaction. Conclusion: Regular HIIW exercise has positive effects on physical functions such as cardiorespiratory endurance and flexibility in older adults, indicating the potential for establishing a foundation for developing customized exercise programs in the future. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Chonnam National University issued approval 1040198-231024-HR-156-02. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Li et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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