Jet stream controls on European climate and agriculture since 1300 CE.

Autor:	Xu G; Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface System and Environmental Carrying Capacity, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, China.; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.; State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou, China., Broadman E; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Dorado-Liñán I; Departamento de Sistemas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Madrid, Spain., Klippel L; Geschäftsbereich Klima und Umwelt, Deutscher Wetterdienst, Offenbach, Germany., Meko M; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Büntgen U; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences (CzechGlobe), Brno, Czech Republic.; Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research WSL, Birmensdorf, Switzerland.; Department of Geography, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic., De Mil T; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA.; Forest Is Life, TERRA Teaching and Research Centre, Gembloux Agro Bio-Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux, Belgium., Esper J; Global Change Research Institute, Czech Academy of Sciences (CzechGlobe), Brno, Czech Republic.; Department of Geography, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany., Gunnarson B; Stockholm Tree Ring Laboratory, Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Hartl C; Nature Rings - Environmental Research and Education, Mainz, Germany.; Panel on Planetary Thinking, Justus-Liebig-University, Gießen, Germany., Krusic PJ; Department of Geography, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.; Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden., Linderholm HW; Regional Climate Group, Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden., Ljungqvist FC; Department of History, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.; Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study, Linneanum, Uppsala, Sweden., Ludlow F; Trinity Centre for Environmental Humanities and Department of History, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland., Panayotov M; Dendrology Department, University of Forestry, Sofia, Bulgaria., Seim A; Chair of Forest Growth and Dendroecology, Institute of Forest Sciences, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.; Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria., Wilson R; School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of St Andrews, Fife, UK., Zamora-Reyes D; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA., Trouet V; Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. trouet@arizona.edu.; Belgian Climate Centre, Uccle, Belgium. trouet@arizona.edu.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Nature [Nature] 2024 Oct; Vol. 634 (8034), pp. 600-608. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 25.
DOI:	10.1038/s41586-024-07985-x
Abstrakt:	The jet stream is an important dynamic driver of climate variability in the Northern Hemisphere mid-latitudes 1-3 . Modern variability in the position of summer jet stream latitude in the North Atlantic-European sector (EU JSL) promotes dipole patterns in air pressure, temperature, precipitation and drought between northwestern and southeastern Europe. EU JSL variability and its impacts on regional climatic extremes and societal events are poorly understood, particularly before anthropogenic warming. Based on three temperature-sensitive European tree-ring records, we develop a reconstruction of interannual summer EU JSL variability over the period 1300-2004 CE (R 2  = 38.5%) and compare it to independent historical documented climatic and societal records, such as grape harvest, grain prices, plagues and human mortality. Here we show contrasting summer climate extremes associated with EU JSL variability back to 1300 CE as well as biophysical, economic and human demographic impacts, including wildfires and epidemics. In light of projections for altered jet stream behaviour and intensified climate extremes, our findings underscore the importance of considering EU JSL variability when evaluating amplified future climate risk. (© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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