A monoclonal antibody targeting the Nipah virus fusion glycoprotein apex imparts protection from disease.

Autor:	Avanzato VA; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.; Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Bushmaker T; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Oguntuyo KY; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA., Yinda CK; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Duyvesteyn HME; Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Stass R; Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Meade-White K; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Rosenke R; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Thomas T; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., van Doremalen N; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Saturday G; Rocky Mountain Veterinary Branch, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA., Doores KJ; Department of Infectious Diseases, King's College London, Guy's Hospital, London, United Kingdom., Lee B; Department of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA., Bowden TA; Division of Structural Biology, Wellcome Centre for Human Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom., Munster VJ; Laboratory of Virology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, Montana, USA.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Journal of virology [J Virol] 2024 Oct 22; Vol. 98 (10), pp. e0063824. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Sep 06.
DOI:	10.1128/jvi.00638-24
Abstrakt:	Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus capable of causing severe respiratory and neurologic disease in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against NiV, underscoring the urgent need for the development of countermeasures. The NiV surface-displayed glycoproteins, NiV-G and NiV-F, mediate host cell attachment and fusion, respectively, and are heavily targeted by host antibodies. Here, we describe a vaccination-derived neutralizing monoclonal antibody, mAb92, that targets NiV-F. Structural characterization of the Fab region bound to NiV-F (NiV-F-Fab92) by cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals an epitope in the DIII domain at the membrane distal apex of NiV-F, an established site of vulnerability on the NiV surface. Further, prophylactic treatment of hamsters with mAb92 offered complete protection from NiV disease, demonstrating beneficial activity of mAb92 in vivo . This work provides support for targeting NiV-F in the development of vaccines and therapeutics against NiV.IMPORTANCENipah virus (NiV) is a highly lethal henipavirus (HNV) that causes severe respiratory and neurologic disease in humans. Currently, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics against NiV, highlighting a need to develop countermeasures. The NiV surface displays the receptor binding protein (NiV-G, or RBP) and the fusion protein (NiV-F), which allow the virus to attach and enter cells. These proteins can be targeted by vaccines and antibodies to prevent disease. This work describes a neutralizing antibody (mAb92) that targets NiV-F. Structural characterization by cryo-electron microscopy analysis reveals where the antibody binds to NiV-F to neutralize the virus. This study also shows that prophylactic treatment of hamsters with mAb92 completely protected against developing NiV disease. This work shows how targeting NiV-F can be useful to preventing NiV disease, supporting future studies in the development of vaccines and therapeutics. Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest.
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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