Mobility ideation due to water problems during historic 2022 drought associated with livestock wealth, water and food insecurity, and fingernail cortisol concentration in northern Kenya.

Autor: Rosinger AY; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA; Department of Anthropology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA. Electronic address: arosinger@psu.edu., Stoler J; Department of Geography and Sustainable Development, University of Miami, Coral Gables, FL, USA., Ford LB; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., McGrosky A; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA., Sadhir S; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA., Ulrich M; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Todd M; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Bobbie N; Department of Biobehavioral Health, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA., Nzunza R; Center for Virus Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya., Braun DR; Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, Department of Anthropology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA; Technological Primates Research Group, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology, 04103, Leipzig, Germany., Ndiema EK; Department of Earth Sciences, National Museums of Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya., Douglass MJ; College of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA., Pontzer H; Department of Evolutionary Anthropology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Global Health Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Social science & medicine (1982) [Soc Sci Med] 2024 Oct; Vol. 359, pp. 117280. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 31.
DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.117280
Abstrakt: Climate change is triggering environmental mobility through chronic water problems and punctuated events. Thinking about moving locations, or "mobility ideation", is the precursor to migration intentionality and actual migration. Drawing on the embodiment construct, this study examines how the worst drought in recent history in the Horn of Africa affected water-related mobility ideation and, in turn, fingernail cortisol concentration (FCC), a chronic stress biomarker, among Daasanach semi-nomadic pastoralists in northern Kenya. To address these questions, we primarily draw on survey, anthropometric, water quality, and biomarker data among 175 adults living in seven communities in 2022. We used mixed-effects ordered logistic regression to test how livestock wealth, water insecurity, food insecurity, and anxiety/depression symptom scores were associated with household mobility ideation. We then used generalized linear models to test the association between mobility ideation on FCC. Thinking about moving at least once due to water problems increased from pre-drought in 2019 (55%) to during the drought in 2022 (92%), while actual mobility declined. Livestock wealth, while associated with actual mobility in the prior year, was protective against increased mobility ideation, while water insecurity, food insecurity, and anxiety/depression symptoms were associated with greater odds of thinking of leaving in 2022. Compared to adults who did not consider moving, those who considered moving rarely, sometimes, and often had FCC levels 18.1% higher (95% CI, 1.01-1.38; p = 0.039), 19.4% higher (1.01-1.41; p = 0.040), and 32.3% higher (1.01-1.73; p = 0.039), respectively, with results consistent in sensitivity analyses. Extreme climatic events in water scarce regions may increase mobility ideation through worsened experiential indicators of well-being and resource insecurity. Mobility ideation may capture measures of adversity suffered by pastoralists and signify climate distress. This research broadens understanding of how droughts get under the skin by leading to resource insecurity and triggering thoughts of moving, which increases chronic stress.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare they have no conflicts of interest.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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