Climate Change and Congenital Anomalies: A Population-Based Study of the Effect of Prolonged Extreme Heat Exposure on the Risk of Neural Tube Defects in France.

Autor: Bruckner TA; Program in Public Health, University of California, Irvine, California, USA., Trinh NTH; Université de Paris, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - CRESS, INSERM, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France.; PharmacoEpidemiology and Drug Safety Research Group, Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, Norway., Lelong N; Université de Paris, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - CRESS, INSERM, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France., Madani K; United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health (UNU-INWEH), Richmond Hill, Ontario, Canada., Slama R; University Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CNRS, Team of Environmental Epidemiology Applied to Reproduction and Respiratory Health, Institute for Advanced Biosciences, Grenoble, France., Given J; Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Belfast, UK., Khoshnood B; Université de Paris, Epidemiology and Statistics Research Center - CRESS, INSERM, Obstetrical, Perinatal and Pediatric Epidemiology Research Team, Paris, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Birth defects research [Birth Defects Res] 2024 Sep; Vol. 116 (9), pp. e2397.
DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.2397
Abstrakt: Background: Exposure to long-lasting extreme ambient temperatures in the periconceptional or early pregnancy period might increase the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs). We tested whether prolonged severe heat exposure as experienced during the 2003 extreme heatwave in France, affected the risk of NTDs.
Methods: We retrieved NTD cases spanning from January 1994 to December 2018 from the Paris Registry of Congenital Malformations. The 2003 heatwave was characterized by the long duration and high intensity of nine consecutive days with temperatures ≥35°C. We classified monthly conceptions occurring in August 2003 as "exposed" to prolonged extreme heat around conception (i.e., periconceptional period). We assessed whether the risk of NTDs among cohorts exposed to the prolonged severe heatwave of 2003 in the periconceptional period differed from expected values using Poisson/negative binomial regression.
Findings: We identified 1272 NTD cases from January 1994 to December 2018, yielding a monthly mean count of 4.24. Ten NTD cases occurred among births conceived in August 2003. The risk of NTD was increased in the cohort with periconceptional exposure to the August 2003 heatwave (relative risk = 2.14, 95% confidence interval: 1.46 to 3.13), compared to non-exposed cohorts. Sensitivity analyses excluding July and September months or restricting to summer months yielded consistent findings.
Interpretation: Evidence from the "natural experiment" of an extreme climate event suggests an elevated risk of NTDs following exposure to prolonged extreme heat during the periconceptional period.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Birth Defects Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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