| Autor: |
Asefi N; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Motamed Cancer Institute, Tehran, Iran., Pakzad P; Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran., Khorasani A; Department of FMD vaccine production, Razi Vaccine & Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education & Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Taghizadeh M; Department of Human Vaccine, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran., Amirkhani Z; Cellular and Molecular Biology Research Center, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran., Yazdi MH; Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Shahverdi AR; Biotechnology Research Center, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.; Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran., Mahdavi M; Advanced Therapy Medicinal Product (ATMP) Department, Breast Cancer Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR), Motamed Cancer Institute, Tehran, Iran.; Recombinant Vaccine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. |
| Abstrakt: |
Aging is physiologically associated with a decline in the function of the immune system and subsequent susceptibility to infections. Interferon-gamma (IFN- γ ), a key element in the activation of cellular immunity, plays an important role in defense against virus infections. Decreased levels of IFN- γ in the elderly may explain their increased risk for viral infectious diseases such as COVID-19. There is accumulating evidence that ascorbic acid (vitamin C [VitC]) and α -tocopherol together help improve the function of the immune system in the elderly, control infections, and decrease the treatment duration. A SARS-CoV-2 strain was isolated from a patient and then cultured in the Vero cell line. The isolated and propagated virus was then inactivated using formalin and purified by the column chromatography. The inactivated SARS-CoV-2 was formulated in the Alum adjuvant combined with VitC or α -tocopherol and/or both of them. The vaccines were injected twice to young and aged C57BL/6 mice. Two weeks later, IFN- γ , IL-4, and IL-2 cytokines were assessed using ELISA Kits. Specific IgG and IgG1/IgG2a were assessed by an in-house ELISA. In addition, the expression of PD1 and TERT genes in the spleen tissue of the mice was measured using real-time PCR. IL-4 and IFN- γ cytokines showed a significant increase in both aged and young mice compared with the Alum-based vaccine. In addition, our results exhibited a significant decrease and increase in specific total IgG and the IgG2a/IgG1 ratio, respectively. Furthermore, the vaccine formulated in α -tocopherol + VitC led to decreased PD1 and increased TERT gene expression levels. In conclusion, our results demonstrated that α -tocopherol + VitC formulated in the inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine led to a shift toward Th1, which may be due to their effect on the physiology of cells, especially aged ones and changing their phenotype toward young cells. |
