The Impact of Maternal Risk Factors on Neonatal Morbidity and Mortality in a Tertiary Care Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): An Observational Study.
| Autor: | Wandile S; Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND., Waghmode M; Pediatrics and Neonatology, Government Medical College, Aurangabad, IND., Uke P; Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND., Vagha JD; Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND., Javvaji CK; Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND., Wazurkar A; Pediatrics, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, IND. |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Zdroj: | Cureus [Cureus] 2024 Jul 29; Vol. 16 (7), pp. e65714. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 29 (Print Publication: 2024). |
| DOI: | 10.7759/cureus.65714 |
| Abstrakt: | Background: Neonatal morbidity and mortality continue to be major public health issues globally, especially for infants admitted to neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). This study aims to investigate the incidence of morbidities among neonates born to high-risk mothers and to evaluate the impact of various maternal risk factors on neonatal morbidity and mortality in the NICU setting. Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted on 1,000 newborns up to 28 days of life, all with maternal risk factors, born in our tertiary care center, and admitted to the NICU. Results: Most NICU admissions occurred during the 34-36 weeks of gestation, comprising 412 (41.20%) of the total admissions. Additionally, there was a female predominance, with 552 cases, representing 55.20% of the admissions. Most of the NICU patients came from rural background 594 (59.40%) and belonged to socioeconomic status (SES) IV 764 (76.40%). Higher percentages of neonatal morbidities were observed among children of illiterate and primarily educated mothers, amounting to 913 cases (91.30%). After evaluating patients in the NICU, we found that mortality was 172 (17.20%). Mothers with previous bad obstetric histories were at greater risk of poor neonatal outcomes. Cesarean sections were more commonly associated with NICU admissions, accounting for 555 cases (55.50%). The primary risk factors included pregnancy-induced hypertension, previous lower segment cesarean section, fetal distress, and premature rupture of membranes. Significant neonatal morbidities included respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) due to prematurity 79 (45.9%), intrauterine growth retardation 19 (11.0%), meconium aspiration syndrome 16 (9.3%), birth asphyxia, sepsis 29 (16.8%), and congenital anomalies 12 (6.9%). RDS was identified as the leading cause of morbidity. Conclusion: The present study highlights several critical factors associated with NICU admissions and neonatal morbidities, underscoring the need for targeted interventions to improve neonatal health outcomes. Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Institutional Ethical Committee issued approval 014504/2019. This prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics at a tertiary care center from July 2018 to August 2020, following the approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee on July 30, 2018. Animal subjects: All authors have confirmed that this study did not involve animal subjects or tissue. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. (Copyright © 2024, Wandile et al.) |
| Databáze: | MEDLINE |
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