| Autor: |
Sorrentino FS; Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Maggiore, 40100 Bologna, Italy., Gardini L; Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Maggiore, 40100 Bologna, Italy., Culiersi C; Department of Surgical Sciences, Unit of Ophthalmology, Ospedale Maggiore, 40100 Bologna, Italy., Fontana L; Department of Surgical Sciences, Ophthalmology Unit, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, IRCCS Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Bologna, 40100 Bologna, Italy., Musa M; Department of Optometry, University of Benin, Benin City 300238, Edo State, Nigeria.; Africa Eye Laser Centre, Km 7, Benin 300105, Nigeria., D'Esposito F; Imperial College Ophthalmic Research Group (ICORG) Unit, Imperial College, 153-173 Marylebone Rd., London NW15QH, UK.; Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Napoli, Italy., Surico PL; Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.; Department of Ophthalmology, Campus Bio-Medico University, 00128 Rome, Italy., Gagliano C; Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Enna 'Kore', Piazza dell'Università, 94100 Enna, Italy.; Eye Clinic, Catania University, San Marco Hospital, Viale Carlo Azeglio Ciampi, 95121 Catania, Italy., Zeppieri M; Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Udine, 33100 Udine, Italy. |
| Abstrakt: |
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) has traditionally been managed with vitreoretinal surgery. Although there have been several recent innovations in this surgery to make the retinal approach as uninvasive as possible, the outcomes remain unsatisfactory. Significant complications remain and the complexity of the surgical approach is challenging. The focus of this review was to investigate and discuss the effectiveness of nanomedicine, featuring a wide range of drugs and molecules, as a novel potential treatment for PVR. To date, ocular drug delivery remains a significant issue due to the physiological and anatomical barriers, dynamic or static, which prevent the entry of exogenous molecules. We tried to summarize the nanotechnology-based ophthalmic drugs and new nanoparticles currently under research, with the intention of tackling the onset and development of PVR. The purpose of this review was to thoroughly and analytically examine and assess the potential of nano-based techniques as innovative strategies to treat proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR). This study aimed to emphasize the breakthroughs in nanomedicine that provide promising therapeutic options to enhance the results of vitreoretinal surgery and halt disease progression, considering the complexity and difficulty of PVR treatment. The future directions of the nanoparticles and nanotherapies applied to PVR highlight the importance of investing in the development of better designs and novel ophthalmic formulations in order to accomplish a mini-invasive ocular approach, replacing the standard-of-care vitreoretinal surgery. |
