Simultaneous simulations of pure, surface and phonological acquired dyslexia within a full computational model of the primary systems hypothesis.

Autor: Chang YN; Miin Wu School of Computing, National Cheng Kung University, Taiwan; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK. Electronic address: yaningchang@gs.ncku.edu.tw., Welbourne S; Neuroscience and Aphasia Research Unit (NARU), University of Manchester, UK., Furber S; School of Computer Science, University of Manchester, UK., Lambon Ralph MA; MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit, University of Cambridge, UK.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Cortex; a journal devoted to the study of the nervous system and behavior [Cortex] 2024 Oct; Vol. 179, pp. 112-125. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Aug 08.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2024.07.006
Abstrakt: According to the primary systems hypothesis, reading requires interactions of visual-orthographic, phonological and semantic systems. Damage to each primary system generates very different types of acquired dyslexia. Variants of the connectionist 'triangle' models of reading have been developed to investigate individual acquired dyslexia. However, only a few studies have investigated multiple acquired alexia within one framework. Importantly, there are no studies that simultaneously simulate both central dyslexia (e.g. surface and phonological dyslexia) and peripheral dyslexia (e.g. pure alexia). That is largely due to the lack of a visual component in the traditional reading models. To verify the predictions made by the primary systems hypothesis, we developed a connectionist 'deep' multi-layer triangle model of reading including visual, orthographic, phonological and semantic processing layers. We investigated whether damage to the model could produce the general behavioural patterns of impaired performance observed in patients with the corresponding reading deficits. Crucially, damage to the visual-orthographic, phonological or semantic components of the model resulted in the expected reading impairments associated with pure alexia, phonological dyslexia and surface dyslexia, respectively. The simulation results demonstrated for the first time that neurologically-impaired reading including both central and peripheral dyslexia could be addressed within a single triangle model of reading. The findings are consistent with the predictions made by the primary systems hypothesis.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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