Long-term surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 in the school community from Campo Grande, Brazil.

Autor: Alcantara DMC; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. danielmxm@gmail.com., Dos Santos CM; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Torres JM; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Stutz C; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Alimentos e Nutrição (FACFAN), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Vieira CA; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Moreira RMDS; Instituto Integrado de Saúde (INISA), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Rodrigues R; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Marcon GEB; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Ferreira EC; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.; Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Mendes FML; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Sarti ECFB; Instituto Integrado de Saúde (INISA), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., de Oliveira TF; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Lemos EF; Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul (UEMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Andrade UV; Universidade Católica Dom Bosco (UCDB), Campo Grande, MS, Brazil., Lichs GGC; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (LACEN/MS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Demarchi LHF; Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (LACEN/MS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Zardin MCSU; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Estado de Mato Grosso do Sul (LACEN/MS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Gonçalves CCM; Programa de Pós-graduação em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias, Faculdade de Medicina (FAMED), Fundação Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.; Secretaria de Estado de Saúde de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Guilhermino JF; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil., Fernandez ZDC; FIOCRUZ Mato Grosso do Sul, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. zoraida.fernandez@fiocruz.br.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: BMC public health [BMC Public Health] 2024 Jul 31; Vol. 24 (1), pp. 2057. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 31.
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19555-x
Abstrakt: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly impacted education systems worldwide, with Brazil being one of the countries with the longest school closures. Over a million children and teenagers have been affected, leading to increased hunger and nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to implement long-term surveillance of SARS-CoV-2 infections in public and private schools in Campo Grande, Brazil, after returning to in-person classes.
Methods: The study involved testing and genomic surveillance at 23 public and private schools in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil, from October 18, 2021 to November 21, 2022. The participants eligible for enrollment were students aged 6-17 years and staff members from school institutions. At the time of collection, participants were asked if they had symptoms in the last two weeks. Whole-genome sequencing of SARS-CoV-2 was conducted to identify circulating variants and to compare them with those detected in the municipality. The demographic data and clinical history of the participants were described, and a logistic regression model was used to understand how the RT-qPCR results could be related to different characteristics.
Results: The study included 999 participants, most of whom were women. A total of 85 tests were positive, with an overall positivity rate of 3.2%. The dynamics of case frequency were consistent with those observed in the municipality during the study period. The most common symptoms reported were cough, rhinorrhea, headache, and sore throat. Symptoms were significantly associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection. Eleven lineages were identified in school community samples, with a frequency of occurrence per period similar to that found in the sequences available for the municipality. The most prevalent lineages within the sampling period were BA.2 (59.3%) and BA.5 (29.6%).
Conclusions: Our findings demonstrate that schools can play a crucial role in epidemiological surveillance, helping trigger rapid responses to pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. Long-term surveillance can be used to track outbreaks and assess the role of children and adults in transmission. It can also contribute to pandemic preparedness, enabling a rapid response to emergencies, such as COVID-19.
(© 2024. The Author(s).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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