Effect of long-term radish (Raphanus sativus var. sativus) monoculture practice on physiological variability of microorganisms in cultivated soil.

Autor: Nowak A; Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: artur.nowak@mail.umcs.pl., Majewska M; Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: malgorzata.majewska@mail.umcs.pl., Marzec-Grządziel A; Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, 24-100, Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: agrzadziel@iung.pulawy.pl., Ozimek E; Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: ewa.ozimek@mail.umcs.pl., Przybyś M; Department of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, 24-100, Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: mprzybys@iung.pulawy.pl., Słomka A; Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: anna.slomka@mail.umcs.pl., Kutyrieva-Nowak N; Institute of Agrophysics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Doświadczalna 4, 20-290, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: n.kutyrieva@ipan.lublin.pl., Gałązka A; Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation-State Research Institute, 24-100, Puławy, Poland. Electronic address: agalazka@iung.pulawy.pl., Jaroszuk-Ściseł J; Department of Industrial and Environmental Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033, Lublin, Poland. Electronic address: jolanta.jaroszuk-scisel@mail.umcs.pl.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of environmental management [J Environ Manage] 2024 Sep; Vol. 367, pp. 122007. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 28.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.122007
Abstrakt: Long-term monoculture may affect soil environment biodiversity. An example of such a plant is radish (Raphanus sativus var. sativus), an economically important crop in Poland, a quick-growing vegetable with intensified harvest throughout the season. The aim of this study was to determine changes in biodiversity of soil under radish cultivation and to compare the research methods applied. The monoculture practice affected soil pH, but the organic carbon content remained stable. 16S RNA-seq analysis revealed changes in soil microbial population, with the dominant phyla Proteobacteria (37.3%), Acidobacteria (19%), and Actinobacteria (16%), and the dominant taxa Gaiella (1.59%), Devosia (1.51%) and Nocardioides (1.43%). These changes have not fully expressed in the number of culturable microorganisms, where only fungal abundance changed significantly. However, the physiological state of microbial cells (λ) indicated that oligotrophs and copiotrophs were in a vegetative (λ > 3.0) state at the beginning of the season and fungi at the end of the year. Changes in the biodiversity of soil microorganisms were visualised using Community Level Physiological Profiling, where an oscillation in Average Well Colour Development (OD 560  = 0.78-1.48) was observed in successive months of radish culture, with biodiversity indices (Shannon and Substance richness) remaining similar. The greatest variation in the influence of monoculture practice on soil factors was observed for the soil enzymes activities (for dehydrogenase and peroxidase activities - 0.5 μg TPF/h/g DW and 1.5 μmolPYGL/h/g DW respectively). Alkaline phosphatases predominated among this group of enzymes, and the activity of carbon metabolism enzymes decreased over the season, except for invertases, where an increase in activity of up to 50 μg Glc/h/g DW was observed. All the parameters studied indicated changes in the soil environment. Nevertheless the microbial community remains stable during the whole experiment returning to equilibrium in a quite short time after changing conditions.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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