Archaeological evidence of resource utilisation of walrus, Odobenus rosmarus , over the past two millennia: A systematic review protocol.

Autor:	Buss DL; Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway., Dierickx K; Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway., Falahati-Anbaran M; Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway., Elliot D; Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada., Rankin LK; Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada., Whitridge P; Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada., Frasier B; Nova Scotia Museum, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada., Richard JS; Musee des Îles de la Madeleine, Les Îles de la Madeleine, Quebec, Canada., van den Hurk Y; Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway., Barrett JH; Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet Vitenskapsmuseet, Trondheim, Trøndelag, 7491, Norway.
Jazyk:	angličtina
Zdroj:	Open research Europe [Open Res Eur] 2024 Apr 24; Vol. 4, pp. 86. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Apr 24 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI:	10.12688/openreseurope.17197.1
Abstrakt:	The walrus, Odobenus rosmarus, is an iconic pinniped and predominant molluscivore that is well adapted to Arctic and subarctic environments. Its circumpolar distribution, large body size and ivory tusks facilitated its vital role as food, raw material (for tools and art), income, and cultural influence on many Arctic Indigenous communities for millennia. Intensification of hunting (often due to the arrival of Europeans, especially between the 16 th and 19 th centuries) to obtain ivory, hide, blubber and meat, resulted in diminished, sometimes extirpated, walrus populations. Zooarchaeological, artefactual and documentary evidence of walrus material has been collated at local and regional scales and is frequently focused on a specific culture or period of time. Systematic collation of this evidence across the Northern Hemisphere will provide insight into the chronology and circumpolar distribution of walrus hunting and provide a tool to document societal change in walrus resource use. Here, we lay out a systematic review protocol to collate records of archaeological walrus artefacts, tusks and bones that have been documented primarily within published literature to archive when and where (as feasible) walrus extractions occurred between 1 CE and 2000 CE. These data will be openly available for the scientific community. The resulting dataset will be the first to provide spatiotemporal information (including the recognition of knowledge gaps) regarding past walrus populations and extirpations on a circumpolar scale. Our protocol is published to ensure reproducibility and comparability in the future, and to encourage the adoption of systematic review methodology (including pre-published protocols) in archaeology. Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed. (Copyright: © 2024 Buss DL et al.)
Databáze:	MEDLINE
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