Antioxidant and antibacterial efficiency of the ethanolic leaf extract of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil) and its effects on growth, health, and disease resistance against Edwardsiella tarda infection in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus).

Autor: Paankhao N; Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. Electronic address: fisnpp@ku.ac.th., Sangsawang A; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: ffisais@ku.ac.th., Kantha P; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: phunsin.k@ku.th., Paankhao S; Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. Electronic address: ongku52@gmail.com., Promsee K; Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. Electronic address: pomsri03@gmail.com., Soontara C; Kamphaeng Saen Fisheries Research Station, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Kamphaeng Saen Campus, Kamphaeng Saen, Nakhon Pathom, 73140, Thailand. Electronic address: chayanit.soo@ku.th., Kongsriprapan S; Faculty of Science at Sriracha, Kasetsart University, Si Racha Campus, Si Racha, Chonburi, 20230, Thailand. Electronic address: sfscispk@ku.ac.th., Srisapoome P; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: ffispssp@ku.ac.th., Kumwan B; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: benchawan.kw@gmail.com., Meachasompop P; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: pakapon_window7@hotmail.com., Phrompanya P; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. Electronic address: phornphan_ppy@hotmail.com., Buncharoen W; Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. Electronic address: wararut.bun@cmu.ac.th., Uchuwittayakul A; Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Health Management, Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand; Center of Excellence in Aquatic Animal Health Management, Faculty of Fisheries, Kasetsart University, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. Electronic address: ffisarb@ku.ac.th.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Fish & shellfish immunology [Fish Shellfish Immunol] 2024 Sep; Vol. 152, pp. 109771. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 17.
DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109771
Abstrakt: The research examined the impact of an ethanolic extract from the leaves of Kratom (Mitragyna speciosa (Korth.) Havil.) on the growth, antioxidant capacity, immune-related gene expression, and resistance to disease caused by Edwardsiella tarda in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The findings revealed that the extract had the important phytochemical content in the extract included total phenolics content, total flavonoids content, vitamin C, and total antioxidant capacity and 5.42 % of the crude extract was mitragynine. The extract demonstrated antioxidant activity, as evidenced by its IC 50 values against ABTS and DPPH radicals and its ferric reducing power in vitro. Moreover, the MIC-IC 50 value of 0.625 mg/mL indicated that the growth of the bacteria was reduced by approximately 50 %, and the MBC was 2.50 mg/mL against E. tarda. Furthermore, the orally administered Kratom leaf extract to fingerling tilapia for 8 weeks exhibited a noticeable increase in oxidative stress, as demonstrated by the increase in MDA production in the 10 and 25 g/kg groups. It also exhibited an increase in acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity in muscle tissue at the 50 g/kg group. However, when administered at a feeding rate of 5-10 g/kg feed, the extract showed an increase in the expression of immune-related genes (IL1, IL6, IL8, NF-kB, IFNγ, TNFα, Mx, CC-chemokine, CD4, TCRβ, MHC-IIβ, IgM, IgT, IgD) and enhanced resistance to E. tarda infection in fish. Conversely, administering the extract at 25-50 g/kg feed resulted in contrasting effects, suppressing and reducing the observed parameters. Nevertheless, feeding the extract at all concentrations for 8 weeks did not produce any changes in the histology or systemic functioning of the liver and intestines, as indicated by blood biochemistry. These findings suggest that the ethanolic leaf extract from Kratom has the potential to be used as a substitute for antibiotics in the management of bacterial infections in Nile tilapia culture, with a recommended dosage of 5-10 g/kg feed/day for a maximum of 8 weeks.
(Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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