Narcolepsy and rapid eye movement sleep.

Autor: Biscarini F; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Barateau L; Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.; National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia, and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Montpellier, France.; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France., Pizza F; Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy., Plazzi G; IRCCS Istituto delle Scienze Neurologiche di Bologna, Bologna, Italy.; Department of Biomedical, Metabolic and Neural Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio-Emilia, Modena, Italy., Dauvilliers Y; Sleep-Wake Disorders Unit, Department of Neurology, Gui-de-Chauliac Hospital, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.; National Reference Centre for Orphan Diseases, Narcolepsy, Idiopathic Hypersomnia, and Kleine-Levin Syndrome, Montpellier, France.; Institute for Neurosciences of Montpellier, University of Montpellier, INSERM, Montpellier, France.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Journal of sleep research [J Sleep Res] 2024 Jul 02, pp. e14277. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jul 02.
DOI: 10.1111/jsr.14277
Abstrakt: Since the first description of narcolepsy at the end of the 19th Century, great progress has been made. The disease is nowadays distinguished as narcolepsy type 1 and type 2. In the 1960s, the discovery of rapid eye movement sleep at sleep onset led to improved understanding of core sleep-related disease symptoms of the disease (excessive daytime sleepiness with early occurrence of rapid eye movement sleep, sleep-related hallucinations, sleep paralysis, rapid eye movement parasomnia), as possible dysregulation of rapid eye movement sleep, and cataplexy resembling an intrusion of rapid eye movement atonia during wake. The relevance of non-sleep-related symptoms, such as obesity, precocious puberty, psychiatric and cardiovascular morbidities, has subsequently been recognized. The diagnostic tools have been improved, but sleep-onset rapid eye movement periods on polysomnography and Multiple Sleep Latency Test remain key criteria. The pathogenic mechanisms of narcolepsy type 1 have been partly elucidated after the discovery of strong HLA class II association and orexin/hypocretin deficiency, a neurotransmitter that is involved in altered rapid eye movement sleep regulation. Conversely, the causes of narcolepsy type 2, where cataplexy and orexin deficiency are absent, remain unknown. Symptomatic medications to treat patients with narcolepsy have been developed, and management has been codified with guidelines, until the recent promising orexin-receptor agonists. The present review retraces the steps of the research on narcolepsy that linked the features of the disease with rapid eye movement sleep abnormality, and those that do not appear associated with rapid eye movement sleep.
(© 2024 The Author(s). Journal of Sleep Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of European Sleep Research Society.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: