Assessing genetic, racial, and geographic diversity among Ethiopian sorghum landraces and implications for heterotic potential for hybrid sorghum breeding.

Autor: Girma G; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA., Tirfessa A; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Bejiga T; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Seyoum A; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Mekonen M; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Nega A; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Gebreyohannes A; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Ayana G; Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research, Melkassa Research Center, P.O.Box 432, Adama, Ethiopia., Nida H; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA., Mengiste T; Department of Botany and Plant Pathology, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA., Ejeta G; Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA., Tesso T; Department of Agronomy, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907 USA.; Department of Agronomy, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Molecular breeding : new strategies in plant improvement [Mol Breed] 2024 Jun 20; Vol. 44 (7), pp. 46. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 20 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1007/s11032-024-01483-8
Abstrakt: The wealth of sorghum genetic resources in Africa has not been fully exploited for cultivar development in the continent. Hybrid cultivars developed from locally evolved germplasm are more likely to possess a well-integrated assembly of genes for local adaptation, productivity, quality, as well as for defensive traits and broader stability. A subset of 560 sorghum accessions of known fertility reaction representing the major botanical races and agro-ecologies of Ethiopia were characterized for genetic, agronomic and utilization parameters to lay a foundation for cultivar improvement and parental selection for hybrid breeding. Accessions were genotyped using a genotyping by sequencing (GBS) generating 73,643 SNPs for genetic analysis. Significant genetic variability was observed among accessions with Admixture and Discriminant Analysis of Principal Components where 67% of the accessions fell into K=10 clusters with membership coefficient set to > 0.6. The pattern of aggregation of the accessions partially overlapped with racial category and agro-ecological adaptation. Majority of the non-restorer (B-line) accessions primarily of the bicolor race from the wet highland ecology clustered together away from two clusters of fertility restorer (R-line) accessions. Small members of the B accessions were grouped with the R clusters and in vice-versa while significant numbers of both B and R accessions were spread between the major clusters. Such pattern of diversity along with the complementary agronomic data based information indicate the potential for heterosis providing the foundation for initiating hybrid breeding program based on locally adapted germplasm.
Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11032-024-01483-8.
Competing Interests: Competing interestsThe authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
(© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V. 2024. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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