Immulina® mitigates the development of illness when administered during the prodromal period of influenza viral infection in mice (Part 2).

Autor: Mir TM; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Shamim K; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Zhang J; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Khan SI; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Tripathi SK; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Khan IA; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA; Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of BioMolecular Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Marshall GD; Department of Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson MS 39216, USA., Ashfaq MK; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA., Pugh ND; National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University MS 38677, USA. Electronic address: ndpugh@olemiss.edu.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology [Phytomedicine] 2024 Sep; Vol. 132, pp. 155778. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 28.
DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155778
Abstrakt: Background: Immulina®, a dietary supplement derived from Limnospira (formerly Arthrospira), is being investigated as a potential agent to increase antiviral resilience. In our recently published manuscript, we described the effects of Immulina® on influenza when taken daily, beginning before infection (prophylaxis) or after the onset of clinical symptoms of viral illness (therapeutic). However, the benefit of Immulina® in infected individuals before the manifestation of any symptoms (prodromal) has not been investigated yet.
Purpose: To evaluate Immulina®'s potential use to increase the host antiviral immune response using a prodromal therapy regime.
Study Design: The efficacy of Immulina® extract was evaluated in rodents using a prodromal protocol (test material administered prior to the emergence of viral illness symptoms).
Methods: Immulina® (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to both genders of mice, 2 h following influenza A viral infection, and continued daily for 14 days.
Results: Compared to the infected control mice, animals fed Immulina® exhibited statistically significant reduction in the emergence of various physical symptoms of viral-induced illness and decreased viral RNA levels. The effects are likely mediated through the host immune system since the level of various cytokines (IL-6 and IFN-γ) were significantly increased in lung tissue.
Conclusion: This study, together with our previous paper, indicate that Immulina® was most effective at enhancing immune antiviral resilience if administered before or soon after initial infection. The data generated can be used to guide additional research using human subjects.
Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest IAK and NDP acknowledge financial interest in Immulina®. All others authors have no financial or competing interests.
(Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier GmbH.. All rights reserved.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
Externí odkaz: