MRI-based virtual pathology of the prostate.

Autor: Chatterjee A; Department of Radiology, University of Chicago, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC 2026, Chicago, IL, 60637, USA. aritrick@uchicago.edu.; Sanford J. Grossman Center of Excellence in Prostate Imaging and Image Guided Therapy, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA. aritrick@uchicago.edu., Dwivedi DK; Department of Radiodiagnosis, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Magma (New York, N.Y.) [MAGMA] 2024 Aug; Vol. 37 (4), pp. 709-720. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 Jun 10.
DOI: 10.1007/s10334-024-01163-w
Abstrakt: Prostate cancer poses significant diagnostic challenges, with conventional methods like prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening and transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsies often leading to overdiagnosis or miss clinically significant cancers. Multiparametric MRI (mpMRI) has emerged as a more reliable tool. However, it is limited by high inter-observer variability and radiologists missing up to 30% of clinically significant cancers. This article summarizes a few of these recent advancements in quantitative MRI techniques that look at the "Virtual Pathology" of the prostate with an aim to enhance prostate cancer detection and characterization. These techniques include T2 relaxation-based techniques such as luminal water imaging, diffusion based such as vascular, extracellular, and restricted diffusion for cytometry in tumors (VERDICT) and restriction spectrum imaging or combined relaxation-diffusion techniques such as hybrid multi-dimensional MRI (HM-MRI), time-dependent diffusion imaging, and diffusion-relaxation correlation spectrum imaging. These methods provide detailed insights into underlying prostate microstructure and tissue composition and have shown improved diagnostic accuracy over conventional MRI. These innovative MRI methods hold potential for augmenting mpMRI, reducing variability in diagnosis, and paving the way for MRI as a 'virtual histology' tool in prostate cancer diagnosis. However, they require further validation in larger multi-center clinical settings and rigorous in-depth radiological-pathology correlation are needed for broader implementation.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to European Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine and Biology (ESMRMB).)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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