Isolation and Enzymatic Characterization of Fungal Strains from Grapevines with Grapevine Trunk Diseases Symptoms in Central Mexico.

Autor: Argüelles-Moyao A; Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las campanas S/N, Col. Las campanas, C. P. 76010, Querétaro, Mexico. arg.moyao@gmail.com., Ángeles-Argáiz R; Red Manejo Biotecnológico de Recursos, Instituto de Ecología, A.C., Carretera antigua a Coatepec 351, El Haya, C. P. 91073, Xalapa, Veracruz, Mexico., Garibay-Orijel R; Laboratorio de Sistemática, Ecología y Aprovechamiento de Hongos Ectomicorrízicos, Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de Mexico, Circuito Exterior s/n, Ciudad Universitaria. Del., C.P. 04510, Coyoacán, CDMX, Mexico., Pacheco-Aguilar JR; Facultad de Química, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Cerro de las campanas S/N, Col. Las campanas, C. P. 76010, Querétaro, Mexico. juanramiro29@yahoo.com.mx.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Current microbiology [Curr Microbiol] 2024 May 31; Vol. 81 (7), pp. 200. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 31.
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03709-6
Abstrakt: Grapevine production is economically indispensable for the global wine industry. Currently, Mexico cultivates grapevines across approximately 28 500 hectares, ranking as the 26th largest producer worldwide. Given its significance, early detection of plant diseases' causal agents is crucial for preventing outbreaks. Consequently, our study aimed to identify fungal strains in grapevines exhibiting trunk disease symptoms and assess their enzymatic capabilities as indicators of their phytopathogenic potential. We collected plant cultivars, including Malbec, Shiraz, and Tempranillo, from Querétaro, Mexico. In the laboratory, we superficially removed the plant bark to prevent external contamination. Subsequently, the sample was superficially disinfected, and sawdust was generated from the symptomatic tissue. Cultivable fungal strains were isolated using aseptic techniques from the recovered sawdust. Colonies were grown on PDA and identified through a combination of microscopy and DNA-sequencing of the ITS and LSU nrDNA regions, coupled with a BLASTn search in the GenBank database. We evaluated the strains' qualitative ability to degrade cellulose, starch, and lignin using specific media and stains. Using culture morphology and DNA-sequencing, 13 species in seven genera were determined: Acremonium, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Dydimella, Fusarium, Sarocladium, and Quambalaria. Some isolated strains were able to degrade cellulose or lignin, or starch. These results constitute the first report of these species community in the Americas. Using culture-dependent and DNA-sequencing tools allows the detection of fungal strains to continue monitoring for early prevention of the GTD.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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