Early-onset and later-onset cancer: trends, risk factors, and prevention in Northern China.

Autor: Liu T; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China.; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China., Liu CA; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China.; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China., Zhang QS; Department of General Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China., Zhang Q; Department of Genetics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, 06510, USA., Wang YM; Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China., Song MM; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, 94158, USA., Lin SQ; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China.; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China.; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China., Deng L; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. dengli070@foxmail.com.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. dengli070@foxmail.com.; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China. dengli070@foxmail.com.; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. dengli070@foxmail.com., Wu SL; Department of Cardiology, Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, 063000, China. drwusl@163.com., Shi HP; Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Clinical Nutrition, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. shihp@ccmu.edu.cn.; National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Diseases, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100053, China. shihp@ccmu.edu.cn.; Key Laboratory of Cancer FSMP for State Market Regulation, Beijing, 100038, China. shihp@ccmu.edu.cn.; Laboratory for Clinical Medicine, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. shihp@ccmu.edu.cn.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Science China. Life sciences [Sci China Life Sci] 2024 Sep; Vol. 67 (9), pp. 1928-1940. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 23.
DOI: 10.1007/s11427-023-2523-5
Abstrakt: The characteristics of early-onset (onset age <50 years) and later-onset (onset age ≽ 50 years) cancers differ significantly. Identifying novel risk factors for both types of cancer is crucial for increasing awareness of cancer prevention and for reducing its burden. This study aimed to analyze the trends in incidence and risk factors for early-onset and late-onset cancers. We conducted a prospective study by drawing data from the Kailuan Study. This study included 6,741 participants with cancer (624 with early-onset cancer and 6,117 with later-onset cancer) and 6,780 matched controls among the 186,249 participants who underwent Kailuan health examinations from 2006 to 2019. The primary outcomes were cancer incidence rates, and associated risk factors for early- and later-onset cancer. Weighted Cox regression was used to calculate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of each exposure factor for early- and later-onset cancer by cancer type. Population-attributable risk proportions were used to estimate the number of cases that could be prevented by eliminating a risk factor from the population. Except for liver cancer, incidence rates for nearly all types of cancer increased during the study period. Smoking, alcohol consumption, lipid metabolism disorders, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, fatty liver, and inflammation were associated with a significantly increased risk of cancer at multiple sites, but risk factors for cancer incidence differed by site. Smoking, alcohol consumption, inflammation, and hypertension were the major contributors to preventable cancer. The incidence of several different types of cancer, including early-onset cancer, is increasing in northeastern China. Differences in risk factors between early-onset and later-onset malignancies may contribute to the divergence in the observed changes in incidence trends between these two specific types of cancer.
(© 2024. Science China Press.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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