Observations on Gender Variance in Chinese Community Children Measured by the Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children.

Autor: Wong WI; Gender Studies Programme and Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 248, 2/F, Sino Building, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong. iwwong@cuhk.edu.hk., Shi SY; Gender Studies Programme and Department of Psychology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, 248, 2/F, Sino Building, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong., van der Miesen AIR; Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Expertise on Gender Dysphoria, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands., Ngan CL; Department of Psychiatry, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong., Lei HC; Caritas Medical Centre and Kwai Chung Hospital, Hong Kong Hospital Authority, Ma Tau Wai, Hong Kong., VanderLaan DP; Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON, Canada.; Child and Youth Psychiatry, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, ON, Canada.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: Archives of sexual behavior [Arch Sex Behav] 2024 Jul; Vol. 53 (7), pp. 2461-2471. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 28.
DOI: 10.1007/s10508-024-02889-3
Abstrakt: Few studies have examined how gender variance (GV), broadly defined as gender identity and behaviors (e.g., activities and preferences) that do not correspond with culturally defined gender norms, manifests in community samples, particularly in children and outside Western contexts. We present data based on the Gender Identity Questionnaire for Children (GIQC; Johnson et al., 2004) among 461 Chinese community children (4-12 years old) to gauge how well the GIQC serves as a measure of GV and the prevalence of GV. We examined the descriptive scores of GV, its relationship to a gender-typing measure that has been validated in Chinese children (the Child Play Behavior and Activity Questionnaire, CPBAQ), the scores on the GIQC of children whose gender is incongruent with birth-assigned sex, and the binned category distributions (from gender-variant to gender-conforming) in comparison to a Canadian community sample (van der Miesen et al., 2018). The Chinese children on average scored toward the gender-conforming end and children assigned female at birth showed more GV than children assigned male at birth. More importantly, the GIQC appears to be a reliable and sensitive measure of GV in the Chinese sample. GIQC scores correlated significantly with CPBAQ scores and showed a very similar reliability coefficient, gender difference effect size, and bin distribution pattern as the Canadian reference sample. Also, children reported as gender/sex incongruent had the most gender-variant GIQC scores. Although clinically gender-referred Chinese children are required to establish culturally specific cutoff points, these findings provide initial evidence for the characteristics of GV, the applicability of the GIQC as a measure of GV in Chinese community children, and the comparisons of GIQC categories between Chinese and Canadian community samples.
(© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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