Understanding The Mimicker: Epidemiological Pattern and Determinant of Melioidosis Mortality in Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.

Autor: Md Hanif SA; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Hassan MR; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.; Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia., Rafi'i MR; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Abdul Halim AFN; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ahmad Zamzuri M'I; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Ismail M; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Ibrahim SS; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Mihat M; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Rejali L; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Zubir MH; State Health Department of Negeri Sembilan, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Jalan Rasah, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia., Mahadi MS; Department of Community Health, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Malaysia., Ahmad Ismail S; Department of Public Health Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Malaysia Jalan Yaacob Latif, Bandar Tun Razak, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia., Ganesan V; Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Jalan UMS, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia., Mohd Fadzil MF; Seremban District Health Office, Jalan Lee Sam, Seremban, Negeri Sembilan, Malaysia.
Jazyk: angličtina
Zdroj: PLoS neglected tropical diseases [PLoS Negl Trop Dis] 2024 May 06; Vol. 18 (5), pp. e0012147. Date of Electronic Publication: 2024 May 06 (Print Publication: 2024).
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012147
Abstrakt: Background: Melioidosis, a tropical infectious disease caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is epidemic in most region in Southeast Asia with high case fatality. However, there is scanty information regarding the disease's epidemiological pattern, demographics, and underlying risk factors.
Method: This 5-year retrospective study of 185 confirmed cases which were taken from the Negeri Sembilan Melioidosis Registry between 2018 and 2022. We aim to describe the incidence, mortality rate, case fatality, relationship with meteorology, and factors that influence mortality in this central region of Peninsular Malaysia.
Results: Incidence rate (IR) of melioidosis in Negeri Sembilan is varied at 1.9 to 5.1 with mean of 3.1 in 100,000 population per year. IR varied between districts in the state from zero to 22.01 in 100,000 population per year. Mortality rate were ranged from 0.17 to 0.74 cases with mean of 0.44 cases in 100,000 population per year. The case fatality rate of this state scattered from 8.70% to 16.67%. There were no significant linear associations between cases and deaths with monthly rainfall and humidity. The mean age of patients was 52.8 years, predominated with age around 41-60 years old. Males (77.8%) predominated, and the majority of cases were Malays (88.9%) and had exposed to soil related activities (74.6%). Mortality from melioidosis was more likely in Bumiputera and non-Malaysians (p<0.05). Patients who had at least one comorbidity were at a higher risk of death from melioidosis (p<0.05). Diabetes mellitus was found in 41.1% of all identified cases, making it a major underlying risk factor for both developing and dying from melioidosis (aOR:19.32, 95%CI:1.91-195.59, p<0.05). Hypertension and mortality status in melioidosis are also significantly correlated (aOR: 7.75, 95% CI: 2.26-26.61, p<0.05).
Conclusion: The epidemiological patterns of cases reported from Negeri Sembilan are consistent for the most part from previous studies in other states in Malaysia and global with regard to its incidence, case fatality, demographic and predisposing chronic diseases. Diabetes mellitus and hypertension were significantly linked to increased mortality among all determinants.
Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.
(Copyright: © 2024 Md Hanif et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.)
Databáze: MEDLINE
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